Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Austria
Austria: Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate was 2.08 % change on previous year in 2022. ◆ Volatile
Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Austria, 1751–2022
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in % change on previous year.
Analysis
Austria recorded 2.08 % change on previous year for sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in 2022.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 61.6% on the previous year and up 181.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Austria peaked at 311.88 % change on previous year in 1920 and was at its lowest, -71.83 % change on previous year, in 1916.
That places Austria 113th out of 219 countries with data for 2022, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Austria, year by year
| Year | % change on previous year | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1751 | 0.283 % change on previous year | — |
| 1752 | 0.2815 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1753 | 0.2801 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1754 | 0.2785 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1755 | 0.2771 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1756 | 0.2757 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1757 | 0.2742 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1758 | 0.2729 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1759 | 0.2712 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1760 | 0.27 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1761 | 0.2401 % change on previous year | -11.1% |
| 1762 | 0.2389 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1763 | 0.2377 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1764 | 0.2365 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1765 | 0.2353 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1766 | 0.2341 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1767 | 0.233 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1768 | 0.2318 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1769 | 0.2307 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1770 | 0.2297 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1771 | 0.2284 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1772 | 0.2274 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1773 | 0.2261 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1774 | 0.2252 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1775 | 0.2239 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1776 | 0.2229 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1777 | 0.2218 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1778 | 0.2207 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1779 | 0.2196 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1780 | 0.2186 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1781 | 0.1632 % change on previous year | -25.4% |
| 1782 | 0.1626 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1783 | 0.1617 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1784 | 0.1609 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1785 | 0.1603 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1786 | 0.1595 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1787 | 0.1588 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1788 | 0.1581 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1789 | 0.1572 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1790 | 0.1567 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1791 | -0.0365 % change on previous year | -123.3% |
| 1792 | -0.0365 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1793 | -0.0365 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1794 | -0.0368 % change on previous year | +0.8% |
| 1795 | -0.0368 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1796 | -0.037 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1797 | -0.0372 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1798 | -0.0373 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1799 | -0.0373 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1800 | -0.0375 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1801 | -0.1296 % change on previous year | +245.6% |
| 1802 | -0.1297 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1803 | -0.1298 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1804 | -0.1299 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1805 | -0.13 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1806 | -0.1301 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1807 | 13.69 % change on previous year | -10617.3% |
| 1808 | -12.27 % change on previous year | -189.6% |
| 1809 | -0.1303 % change on previous year | -98.9% |
| 1810 | -0.1307 % change on previous year | +0.2% |
| 1811 | 0.3432 % change on previous year | -362.7% |
| 1812 | 0.3411 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1813 | 0.3391 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1814 | 0.3372 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1815 | 0.335 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1816 | 0.3332 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1817 | 0.3313 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1818 | 0.3292 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1819 | 20.61 % change on previous year | +6159.9% |
| 1820 | 5.63 % change on previous year | -72.7% |
| 1821 | 2.25 % change on previous year | -60.0% |
| 1822 | 1.07 % change on previous year | -52.4% |
| 1823 | -0.5033 % change on previous year | -147.0% |
| 1824 | 3.76 % change on previous year | -846.2% |
| 1825 | 0.8073 % change on previous year | -78.5% |
| 1826 | 3.8 % change on previous year | +371.0% |
| 1827 | 1.6 % change on previous year | -58.0% |
| 1828 | -0.3701 % change on previous year | -123.2% |
| 1829 | 1.58 % change on previous year | -526.2% |
| 1830 | 1.55 % change on previous year | -1.6% |
| 1831 | -0.4963 % change on previous year | -132.0% |
| 1832 | 2.09 % change on previous year | -520.3% |
| 1833 | -4.19 % change on previous year | -301.0% |
| 1834 | 9.05 % change on previous year | -315.8% |
| 1835 | 2.7 % change on previous year | -70.2% |
| 1836 | 2.26 % change on previous year | -16.1% |
| 1837 | 1.86 % change on previous year | -17.9% |
| 1838 | 7.05 % change on previous year | +279.4% |
| 1839 | 9.52 % change on previous year | +35.0% |
| 1840 | 4.68 % change on previous year | -50.9% |
| 1841 | 6.12 % change on previous year | +30.8% |
| 1842 | 5.36 % change on previous year | -12.4% |
| 1843 | -6.35 % change on previous year | -218.5% |
| 1844 | 12.36 % change on previous year | -294.7% |
| 1845 | 7.01 % change on previous year | -43.3% |
| 1846 | 9.94 % change on previous year | +41.9% |
| 1847 | -0.7148 % change on previous year | -107.2% |
| 1848 | 7.33 % change on previous year | -1125.8% |
| 1849 | -1.74 % change on previous year | -123.7% |
| 1850 | -12.88 % change on previous year | +641.5% |
| 1851 | 0.08 % change on previous year | -100.6% |
| 1852 | 14.47 % change on previous year | +17980.0% |
| 1853 | 10.97 % change on previous year | -24.2% |
| 1854 | -1.27 % change on previous year | -111.6% |
| 1855 | 12.33 % change on previous year | -1072.5% |
| 1856 | 11.13 % change on previous year | -9.7% |
| 1857 | 12.61 % change on previous year | +13.3% |
| 1858 | 41.53 % change on previous year | +229.2% |
| 1859 | -17.2 % change on previous year | -141.4% |
| 1860 | 4.13 % change on previous year | -124.0% |
| 1861 | 3.32 % change on previous year | -19.5% |
| 1862 | -0.3228 % change on previous year | -109.7% |
| 1863 | -6.58 % change on previous year | +1937.4% |
| 1864 | -11.62 % change on previous year | +76.6% |
| 1865 | 4.55 % change on previous year | -139.2% |
| 1866 | -28.04 % change on previous year | -716.3% |
| 1867 | 29.55 % change on previous year | -205.4% |
| 1868 | 20.43 % change on previous year | -30.9% |
| 1869 | 6.29 % change on previous year | -69.2% |
| 1870 | 12.44 % change on previous year | +97.9% |
| 1871 | 33.62 % change on previous year | +170.2% |
| 1872 | -0.8701 % change on previous year | -102.6% |
| 1873 | 7.21 % change on previous year | -929.1% |
| 1874 | -12.96 % change on previous year | -279.6% |
| 1875 | -12.04 % change on previous year | -7.0% |
| 1876 | 4.31 % change on previous year | -135.8% |
| 1877 | -8.45 % change on previous year | -295.9% |
| 1878 | -0.9049 % change on previous year | -89.3% |
| 1879 | 18.16 % change on previous year | -2106.7% |
| 1880 | 146.32 % change on previous year | +705.8% |
| 1881 | -52.59 % change on previous year | -135.9% |
| 1882 | 1.92 % change on previous year | -103.7% |
| 1883 | 9.07 % change on previous year | +371.4% |
| 1884 | -1.54 % change on previous year | -117.0% |
| 1885 | 4.57 % change on previous year | -396.7% |
| 1886 | -5.26 % change on previous year | -215.1% |
| 1887 | 6.32 % change on previous year | -220.2% |
| 1888 | -1.8 % change on previous year | -128.5% |
| 1889 | 7.73 % change on previous year | -529.6% |
| 1890 | 1.1 % change on previous year | -85.8% |
| 1891 | 13.15 % change on previous year | +1095.0% |
| 1892 | -2.63 % change on previous year | -120.0% |
| 1893 | 20.49 % change on previous year | -879.9% |
| 1894 | 1.95 % change on previous year | -90.5% |
| 1895 | 10.95 % change on previous year | +460.8% |
| 1896 | 2.75 % change on previous year | -74.8% |
| 1897 | 7.57 % change on previous year | +174.6% |
| 1898 | 6.04 % change on previous year | -20.2% |
| 1899 | 1.47 % change on previous year | -75.7% |
| 1900 | 10.91 % change on previous year | +644.3% |
| 1901 | 1.62 % change on previous year | -85.1% |
| 1902 | -8.77 % change on previous year | -640.6% |
| 1903 | 0.2379 % change on previous year | -102.7% |
| 1904 | 5.72 % change on previous year | +2303.1% |
| 1905 | 4.99 % change on previous year | -12.7% |
| 1906 | 19.09 % change on previous year | +282.5% |
| 1907 | 23.96 % change on previous year | +25.5% |
| 1908 | 39.41 % change on previous year | +64.5% |
| 1909 | -26.57 % change on previous year | -167.4% |
| 1910 | 33.76 % change on previous year | -227.1% |
| 1911 | -15.6 % change on previous year | -146.2% |
| 1912 | 5.43 % change on previous year | -134.8% |
| 1913 | 16.23 % change on previous year | +198.7% |
| 1914 | -18.26 % change on previous year | -212.5% |
| 1915 | -28.16 % change on previous year | +54.2% |
| 1916 | -71.83 % change on previous year | +155.0% |
| 1917 | -55.4 % change on previous year | -22.9% |
| 1918 | -6.51 % change on previous year | -88.3% |
| 1919 | -10.78 % change on previous year | +65.7% |
| 1920 | 311.88 % change on previous year | -2993.2% |
| 1921 | 29.69 % change on previous year | -90.5% |
| 1922 | -4.18 % change on previous year | -114.1% |
| 1923 | -4.72 % change on previous year | +13.0% |
| 1924 | 12.32 % change on previous year | -360.9% |
| 1925 | -6.08 % change on previous year | -149.3% |
| 1926 | -1.08 % change on previous year | -82.2% |
| 1927 | 7.91 % change on previous year | -833.2% |
| 1928 | 4.81 % change on previous year | -39.2% |
| 1929 | 12.75 % change on previous year | +165.1% |
| 1930 | -19.09 % change on previous year | -249.7% |
| 1931 | -3.58 % change on previous year | -81.2% |
| 1932 | -17.04 % change on previous year | +375.5% |
| 1933 | -3.83 % change on previous year | -77.5% |
| 1934 | -4.74 % change on previous year | +23.9% |
| 1935 | 2.4 % change on previous year | -150.6% |
| 1936 | -0.1328 % change on previous year | -105.5% |
| 1937 | 11.78 % change on previous year | -8974.0% |
| 1938 | -60.19 % change on previous year | -610.8% |
| 1939 | 13.72 % change on previous year | -122.8% |
| 1940 | 27.88 % change on previous year | +103.3% |
| 1941 | 17.03 % change on previous year | -38.9% |
| 1942 | 13.49 % change on previous year | -20.7% |
| 1943 | 15.28 % change on previous year | +13.2% |
| 1944 | 4.02 % change on previous year | -73.7% |
| 1945 | -52.23 % change on previous year | -1397.9% |
| 1946 | 127.38 % change on previous year | -343.9% |
| 1947 | 27.88 % change on previous year | -78.1% |
| 1948 | 28.34 % change on previous year | +1.7% |
| 1949 | 8.94 % change on previous year | -68.4% |
| 1950 | -29.14 % change on previous year | -425.8% |
| 1951 | 17.06 % change on previous year | -158.5% |
| 1952 | -1.24 % change on previous year | -107.3% |
| 1953 | 2.68 % change on previous year | -315.7% |
| 1954 | 16.86 % change on previous year | +528.3% |
| 1955 | 29.26 % change on previous year | +73.6% |
| 1956 | -7 % change on previous year | -123.9% |
| 1957 | 4.14 % change on previous year | -159.1% |
| 1958 | 0.6296 % change on previous year | -84.8% |
| 1959 | -0.598 % change on previous year | -195.0% |
| 1960 | 4.89 % change on previous year | -917.3% |
| 1961 | 6.87 % change on previous year | +40.6% |
| 1962 | 12.84 % change on previous year | +86.9% |
| 1963 | 12.12 % change on previous year | -5.6% |
| 1964 | 8.53 % change on previous year | -29.6% |
| 1965 | -7.6 % change on previous year | -189.0% |
| 1966 | -0.4545 % change on previous year | -94.0% |
| 1967 | 3.86 % change on previous year | -948.8% |
| 1968 | 11.21 % change on previous year | +190.5% |
| 1969 | 3.11 % change on previous year | -72.3% |
| 1970 | 0.6406 % change on previous year | -79.4% |
| 1971 | 9.64 % change on previous year | +1405.2% |
| 1972 | -5.22 % change on previous year | -154.2% |
| 1973 | 2.55 % change on previous year | -148.8% |
| 1974 | -12.69 % change on previous year | -597.2% |
| 1975 | -5.71 % change on previous year | -55.0% |
| 1976 | 13.34 % change on previous year | -333.8% |
| 1977 | -10.79 % change on previous year | -180.8% |
| 1978 | 3.47 % change on previous year | -132.2% |
| 1979 | -1.87 % change on previous year | -153.8% |
| 1980 | 9.62 % change on previous year | -614.4% |
| 1981 | -12.36 % change on previous year | -228.5% |
| 1982 | -4.83 % change on previous year | -61.0% |
| 1983 | -26.13 % change on previous year | +441.5% |
| 1984 | -8.1 % change on previous year | -69.0% |
| 1985 | -8.37 % change on previous year | +3.4% |
| 1986 | -10.95 % change on previous year | +30.7% |
| 1987 | -13.8 % change on previous year | +26.1% |
| 1988 | -25.39 % change on previous year | +84.0% |
| 1989 | -10.14 % change on previous year | -60.1% |
| 1990 | -19.09 % change on previous year | +88.3% |
| 1991 | -4.01 % change on previous year | -79.0% |
| 1992 | -23.21 % change on previous year | +479.4% |
| 1993 | -2.5 % change on previous year | -89.2% |
| 1994 | -10.28 % change on previous year | +311.6% |
| 1995 | 0.0588 % change on previous year | -100.6% |
| 1996 | -6.91 % change on previous year | -11852.2% |
| 1997 | -8.01 % change on previous year | +15.9% |
| 1998 | -11.66 % change on previous year | +45.7% |
| 1999 | -5.29 % change on previous year | -54.7% |
| 2000 | -6.32 % change on previous year | +19.4% |
| 2001 | 2.67 % change on previous year | -142.3% |
| 2002 | -3.47 % change on previous year | -229.9% |
| 2003 | -0.8579 % change on previous year | -75.3% |
| 2004 | -13.9 % change on previous year | +1520.1% |
| 2005 | -2.16 % change on previous year | -84.5% |
| 2006 | 2.98 % change on previous year | -238.4% |
| 2007 | -12 % change on previous year | -502.3% |
| 2008 | -12.76 % change on previous year | +6.4% |
| 2009 | -26.69 % change on previous year | +109.1% |
| 2010 | 8.36 % change on previous year | -131.3% |
| 2011 | -4.71 % change on previous year | -156.4% |
| 2012 | -2.53 % change on previous year | -46.2% |
| 2013 | -3.04 % change on previous year | +19.9% |
| 2014 | 1.08 % change on previous year | -135.7% |
| 2015 | -2.64 % change on previous year | -343.6% |
| 2016 | -5.09 % change on previous year | +92.4% |
| 2017 | -3.55 % change on previous year | -30.3% |
| 2018 | -8.31 % change on previous year | +134.5% |
| 2019 | -2.39 % change on previous year | -71.2% |
| 2020 | -11.41 % change on previous year | +376.9% |
| 2021 | 5.41 % change on previous year | -147.4% |
| 2022 | 2.08 % change on previous year | -61.6% |
Austria compared with similar countries
- Austria's 2.08 % change on previous year is above the median for high income countries, which is 1.15 % change on previous year, 1.8× the median. (78 countries reporting)
- Austria's 2.08 % change on previous year is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.9045 % change on previous year, 2.3× the median. (52 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Austria changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1852 | +17980.0% | 0.08 % change on previous year | 14.47 % change on previous year |
| 1996 | -11852.2% | 0.0588 % change on previous year | -6.91 % change on previous year |
| 1807 | +10617.3% | -0.1301 % change on previous year | 13.69 % change on previous year |
| 1937 | +8974.0% | -0.1328 % change on previous year | 11.78 % change on previous year |
| 1819 | +6159.9% | 0.3292 % change on previous year | 20.61 % change on previous year |
| 1920 | +2993.2% | -10.78 % change on previous year | 311.88 % change on previous year |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750s | 0.2771 % change on previous year | 0.2712 % change on previous year | 0.283 % change on previous year | 9 |
| 1760s | 0.2388 % change on previous year | 0.2307 % change on previous year | 0.27 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1770s | 0.2246 % change on previous year | 0.2196 % change on previous year | 0.2297 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1780s | 0.1661 % change on previous year | 0.1572 % change on previous year | 0.2186 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1790s | -0.0175 % change on previous year | -0.0373 % change on previous year | 0.1567 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1800s | 0.0471 % change on previous year | -12.27 % change on previous year | 13.69 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1810s | 2.32 % change on previous year | -0.1307 % change on previous year | 20.61 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1820s | 1.96 % change on previous year | -0.5033 % change on previous year | 5.63 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1830s | 3.14 % change on previous year | -4.19 % change on previous year | 9.52 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1840s | 4.4 % change on previous year | -6.35 % change on previous year | 12.36 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1850s | 7.18 % change on previous year | -17.2 % change on previous year | 41.53 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1860s | 2.17 % change on previous year | -28.04 % change on previous year | 29.55 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1870s | 4.05 % change on previous year | -12.96 % change on previous year | 33.62 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1880s | 11.47 % change on previous year | -52.59 % change on previous year | 146.32 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1890s | 6.28 % change on previous year | -2.63 % change on previous year | 20.49 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1900s | 7.06 % change on previous year | -26.57 % change on previous year | 39.41 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1910s | -15.11 % change on previous year | -71.83 % change on previous year | 33.76 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1920s | 36.33 % change on previous year | -6.08 % change on previous year | 311.88 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1930s | -8.07 % change on previous year | -60.19 % change on previous year | 13.72 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1940s | 21.8 % change on previous year | -52.23 % change on previous year | 127.38 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1950s | 3.27 % change on previous year | -29.14 % change on previous year | 29.26 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1960s | 5.54 % change on previous year | -7.6 % change on previous year | 12.84 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1970s | -0.6624 % change on previous year | -12.69 % change on previous year | 13.34 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1980s | -11.04 % change on previous year | -26.13 % change on previous year | 9.62 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1990s | -9.09 % change on previous year | -23.21 % change on previous year | 0.0588 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2000s | -7.25 % change on previous year | -26.69 % change on previous year | 2.98 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2010s | -2.28 % change on previous year | -8.31 % change on previous year | 8.36 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2020s | -1.31 % change on previous year | -11.41 % change on previous year | 5.41 % change on previous year | 3 |
Countries ranked near Austria
- 110 Uganda 2.44 % change on previous year compare
- 111 Mozambique 2.26 % change on previous year compare
- 112 Panama 2.11 % change on previous year compare
- 114 Kazakhstan 2.06 % change on previous year compare
- 115 Albania 1.6 % change on previous year compare
- 116 Azerbaijan 1.6 % change on previous year compare
More energy & mining data for Austria
- Fossil fuel consumption by fuel, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2025)
- Fossil fuel consumption by fuel, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Primary energy use, annual growth rate -1.66 % change on previous year (2025)
- Coal consumption, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2025)
- Coal consumption, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Primary energy use, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Primary energy use, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2025)
- Coal production, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2024)
- Coal production, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Fuel imports 7.5% (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Austria?
- Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Austria was 2.08 % change on previous year in 2022, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate recorded in Austria?
- The highest recorded value was 311.88 % change on previous year in 1920.
- What is the lowest sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate recorded in Austria?
- The lowest recorded value was -71.83 % change on previous year in 1916.
- How does Austria rank for sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate?
- Austria ranks 113th out of 219 countries with data for 2022.
- Is sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate rising or falling in Austria?
- Over the last ten years it is up 181.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Austria data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 272 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
The year-on-year percentage change in Sulphur dioxide and coal. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.
Computed from
- Coal consumption and sulphur dioxide emissions Hoesly et al. (2024) – Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
The year-on-year percentage change in Sulphur dioxide and coal. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.