Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos
Laos: Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate was -0.9817 % change on previous year in 2022. ◆ Volatile
Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos, 1751–2022
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in % change on previous year.
Analysis
In 2022, sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos stood at -0.9817 % change on previous year.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 119.0% on the previous year and down 120.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos peaked at 532.71 % change on previous year in 2015 and was at its lowest, -38.55 % change on previous year, in 1968.
Laos ranks 172nd of 219 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos, year by year
| Year | % change on previous year | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1751 | 0.1742 % change on previous year | — |
| 1752 | 0.1734 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1753 | 0.1731 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1754 | 0.1728 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1755 | 0.1725 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1756 | 0.1722 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1757 | 0.1719 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1758 | 0.1716 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1759 | 0.1708 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1760 | 0.171 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1761 | 0.1726 % change on previous year | +0.9% |
| 1762 | 0.1723 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1763 | 0.172 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1764 | 0.1717 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1765 | 0.1714 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1766 | 0.1711 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1767 | 0.1709 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1768 | 0.1701 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1769 | 0.1703 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1770 | 0.1695 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1771 | 0.1716 % change on previous year | +1.2% |
| 1772 | 0.1713 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1773 | 0.171 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1774 | 0.1707 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1775 | 0.1699 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1776 | 0.1701 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1777 | 0.1693 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1778 | 0.1691 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1779 | 0.1692 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1780 | 0.1685 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1781 | 0.17 % change on previous year | +0.9% |
| 1782 | 0.1697 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1783 | 0.1699 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1784 | 0.1692 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1785 | 0.1689 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1786 | 0.1686 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1787 | 0.1679 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1788 | 0.168 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1789 | 0.1673 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1790 | 0.1675 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1791 | 0.1685 % change on previous year | +0.6% |
| 1792 | 0.1687 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1793 | 0.168 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1794 | 0.1677 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1795 | 0.1674 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1796 | 0.1671 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1797 | 0.1669 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1798 | 0.1666 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1799 | 0.1659 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1800 | 0.1656 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1801 | 0.1675 % change on previous year | +1.2% |
| 1802 | 0.1668 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1803 | 0.1665 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1804 | 0.1662 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1805 | 0.1655 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1806 | 0.1657 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1807 | 0.165 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1808 | 0.1651 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1809 | 0.1644 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1810 | 0.1642 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1811 | 0.1652 % change on previous year | +0.6% |
| 1812 | 0.1654 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1813 | 0.1647 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1814 | 0.1644 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1815 | 0.1641 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1816 | 0.1638 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1817 | 0.1631 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1818 | 0.1633 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1819 | 0.1626 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1820 | 0.1624 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1821 | 0.5179 % change on previous year | +219.0% |
| 1822 | 0.5148 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1823 | 0.5118 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1824 | 0.5092 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1825 | 0.5066 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1826 | 0.5036 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1827 | 0.5007 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1828 | 0.4982 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1829 | 0.4953 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1830 | 0.4929 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1831 | 1.09 % change on previous year | +120.6% |
| 1832 | 1.07 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1833 | 1.06 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1834 | 1.05 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1835 | 1.04 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1836 | 1.03 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1837 | 1.02 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1838 | 1.01 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1839 | 0.9964 % change on previous year | -1.0% |
| 1840 | 0.9859 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1841 | 1.08 % change on previous year | +10.0% |
| 1842 | 1.07 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1843 | 1.06 % change on previous year | -1.2% |
| 1844 | 1.05 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1845 | 1.04 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1846 | 1.03 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1847 | 1.02 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1848 | 1 % change on previous year | -1.0% |
| 1849 | 0.9943 % change on previous year | -1.0% |
| 1850 | 0.9835 % change on previous year | -1.1% |
| 1851 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +17.0% |
| 1852 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1853 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1854 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1855 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1856 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1857 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1858 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1859 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1860 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1861 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1862 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1863 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1864 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1865 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1866 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1867 | 1.15 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1868 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1869 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1870 | -4.31 % change on previous year | -474.8% |
| 1871 | 103.3 % change on previous year | -2494.7% |
| 1872 | 2.32 % change on previous year | -97.8% |
| 1873 | 2.28 % change on previous year | -1.9% |
| 1874 | 2.23 % change on previous year | -1.9% |
| 1875 | 2.19 % change on previous year | -1.8% |
| 1876 | 2.16 % change on previous year | -1.6% |
| 1877 | 2.12 % change on previous year | -1.7% |
| 1878 | 2.08 % change on previous year | -1.7% |
| 1879 | 2.05 % change on previous year | -1.6% |
| 1880 | 2.02 % change on previous year | -1.6% |
| 1881 | 1.24 % change on previous year | -38.7% |
| 1882 | 1.23 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1883 | 1.22 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1884 | 1.22 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1885 | 1.21 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1886 | 1.2 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1887 | 1.2 % change on previous year | +0.0% |
| 1888 | 1.19 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1889 | 1.19 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1890 | 1.18 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1891 | 1.23 % change on previous year | +4.2% |
| 1892 | 1.23 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1893 | 1.22 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1894 | 1.22 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1895 | 1.21 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1896 | 1.21 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1897 | 1.2 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1898 | 1.19 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1899 | 1.19 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1900 | 1.18 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1901 | 1.18 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1902 | 1.18 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1903 | 1.17 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1904 | 1.17 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1905 | 1.16 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1906 | 1.16 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1907 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1908 | 1.15 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1909 | 1.14 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1910 | 1.14 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1911 | 0.9348 % change on previous year | -18.1% |
| 1912 | 0.9363 % change on previous year | +0.2% |
| 1913 | 0.9377 % change on previous year | +0.2% |
| 1914 | 0.6435 % change on previous year | -31.4% |
| 1915 | 0.6432 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1916 | 0.6413 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1917 | 0.6418 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1918 | 0.6399 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1919 | 0.6307 % change on previous year | -1.5% |
| 1920 | 0.6297 % change on previous year | -0.2% |
| 1921 | -0.932 % change on previous year | -248.0% |
| 1922 | -0.9526 % change on previous year | +2.2% |
| 1923 | -0.9738 % change on previous year | +2.2% |
| 1924 | -0.9955 % change on previous year | +2.2% |
| 1925 | -1.02 % change on previous year | +2.3% |
| 1926 | -1.04 % change on previous year | +2.1% |
| 1927 | -1.06 % change on previous year | +2.3% |
| 1928 | -1.09 % change on previous year | +2.2% |
| 1929 | -1.13 % change on previous year | +3.7% |
| 1930 | -1.16 % change on previous year | +2.4% |
| 1931 | -1.15 % change on previous year | -0.1% |
| 1932 | -1.18 % change on previous year | +2.4% |
| 1933 | -1.21 % change on previous year | +2.5% |
| 1934 | -1.24 % change on previous year | +2.3% |
| 1935 | -1.27 % change on previous year | +2.4% |
| 1936 | -1.3 % change on previous year | +2.5% |
| 1937 | -1.33 % change on previous year | +2.4% |
| 1938 | -1.36 % change on previous year | +2.4% |
| 1939 | -1.4 % change on previous year | +2.6% |
| 1940 | -1.43 % change on previous year | +2.5% |
| 1941 | -1.46 % change on previous year | +1.7% |
| 1942 | -1.5 % change on previous year | +2.6% |
| 1943 | -1.54 % change on previous year | +2.6% |
| 1944 | -1.58 % change on previous year | +2.7% |
| 1945 | -1.62 % change on previous year | +2.7% |
| 1946 | -1.66 % change on previous year | +2.7% |
| 1947 | -1.71 % change on previous year | +2.7% |
| 1948 | -1.76 % change on previous year | +2.8% |
| 1949 | -1.81 % change on previous year | +2.8% |
| 1950 | -1.86 % change on previous year | +2.9% |
| 1951 | -0.9207 % change on previous year | -50.5% |
| 1952 | -0.9727 % change on previous year | +5.6% |
| 1953 | -1.02 % change on previous year | +5.2% |
| 1954 | -1.08 % change on previous year | +5.5% |
| 1955 | 24.96 % change on previous year | -2412.8% |
| 1956 | 25.74 % change on previous year | +3.1% |
| 1957 | -0.9815 % change on previous year | -103.8% |
| 1958 | 8.32 % change on previous year | -948.1% |
| 1959 | 0.9239 % change on previous year | -88.9% |
| 1960 | 0.7199 % change on previous year | -22.1% |
| 1961 | 17.1 % change on previous year | +2275.1% |
| 1962 | 7.07 % change on previous year | -58.7% |
| 1963 | 4.57 % change on previous year | -35.4% |
| 1964 | 8.47 % change on previous year | +85.6% |
| 1965 | 0.4472 % change on previous year | -94.7% |
| 1966 | 17.25 % change on previous year | +3757.7% |
| 1967 | 22.47 % change on previous year | +30.2% |
| 1968 | -38.55 % change on previous year | -271.6% |
| 1969 | 52.68 % change on previous year | -236.6% |
| 1970 | 55.89 % change on previous year | +6.1% |
| 1971 | -33.8 % change on previous year | -160.5% |
| 1972 | 26.91 % change on previous year | -179.6% |
| 1973 | 27.47 % change on previous year | +2.1% |
| 1974 | -26.03 % change on previous year | -194.8% |
| 1975 | -23.44 % change on previous year | -10.0% |
| 1976 | -4.99 % change on previous year | -78.7% |
| 1977 | -1.6 % change on previous year | -67.9% |
| 1978 | -3.96 % change on previous year | +147.7% |
| 1979 | -2.95 % change on previous year | -25.6% |
| 1980 | -8.34 % change on previous year | +182.9% |
| 1981 | -16.37 % change on previous year | +96.3% |
| 1982 | 5.4 % change on previous year | -133.0% |
| 1983 | 7.25 % change on previous year | +34.2% |
| 1984 | 14.88 % change on previous year | +105.4% |
| 1985 | -3.23 % change on previous year | -121.7% |
| 1986 | 9.39 % change on previous year | -390.5% |
| 1987 | -1.36 % change on previous year | -114.4% |
| 1988 | 0.8477 % change on previous year | -162.5% |
| 1989 | 5.76 % change on previous year | +579.1% |
| 1990 | 23.71 % change on previous year | +312.0% |
| 1991 | 5.52 % change on previous year | -76.7% |
| 1992 | 8.53 % change on previous year | +54.6% |
| 1993 | 2.27 % change on previous year | -73.4% |
| 1994 | -2.97 % change on previous year | -231.1% |
| 1995 | 14.72 % change on previous year | -594.7% |
| 1996 | 17.51 % change on previous year | +19.0% |
| 1997 | 19.43 % change on previous year | +11.0% |
| 1998 | 8.05 % change on previous year | -58.6% |
| 1999 | 6.52 % change on previous year | -19.0% |
| 2000 | -32.93 % change on previous year | -604.9% |
| 2001 | -19.11 % change on previous year | -42.0% |
| 2002 | 22.25 % change on previous year | -216.4% |
| 2003 | 19.87 % change on previous year | -10.7% |
| 2004 | 7.82 % change on previous year | -60.7% |
| 2005 | 0.2092 % change on previous year | -97.3% |
| 2006 | 0.4871 % change on previous year | +132.8% |
| 2007 | 2.9 % change on previous year | +495.8% |
| 2008 | -9.68 % change on previous year | -433.4% |
| 2009 | 10.28 % change on previous year | -206.2% |
| 2010 | 19.21 % change on previous year | +86.9% |
| 2011 | 13.66 % change on previous year | -28.9% |
| 2012 | 4.84 % change on previous year | -64.6% |
| 2013 | 47.31 % change on previous year | +878.2% |
| 2014 | -1.35 % change on previous year | -102.9% |
| 2015 | 532.71 % change on previous year | -39502.2% |
| 2016 | 146.49 % change on previous year | -72.5% |
| 2017 | 27.5 % change on previous year | -81.2% |
| 2018 | 1.07 % change on previous year | -96.1% |
| 2019 | -0.1791 % change on previous year | -116.8% |
| 2020 | -2 % change on previous year | +1018.4% |
| 2021 | 5.17 % change on previous year | -358.1% |
| 2022 | -0.9817 % change on previous year | -119.0% |
Laos compared with similar countries
- Laos's -0.9817 % change on previous year is below the median for lower middle income countries, which is 5.18 % change on previous year. (46 countries reporting)
- Laos's -0.9817 % change on previous year is below the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 2.98 % change on previous year. (34 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | +39502.2% | -1.35 % change on previous year | 532.71 % change on previous year |
| 1966 | +3757.7% | 0.4472 % change on previous year | 17.25 % change on previous year |
| 1871 | +2494.7% | -4.31 % change on previous year | 103.3 % change on previous year |
| 1955 | +2412.8% | -1.08 % change on previous year | 24.96 % change on previous year |
| 1961 | +2275.1% | 0.7199 % change on previous year | 17.1 % change on previous year |
| 2020 | -1018.4% | -0.1791 % change on previous year | -2 % change on previous year |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750s | 0.1725 % change on previous year | 0.1708 % change on previous year | 0.1742 % change on previous year | 9 |
| 1760s | 0.1714 % change on previous year | 0.1701 % change on previous year | 0.1726 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1770s | 0.1702 % change on previous year | 0.1691 % change on previous year | 0.1716 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1780s | 0.1688 % change on previous year | 0.1673 % change on previous year | 0.17 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1790s | 0.1674 % change on previous year | 0.1659 % change on previous year | 0.1687 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1800s | 0.1658 % change on previous year | 0.1644 % change on previous year | 0.1675 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1810s | 0.1641 % change on previous year | 0.1626 % change on previous year | 0.1654 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1820s | 0.472 % change on previous year | 0.1624 % change on previous year | 0.5179 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1830s | 0.9859 % change on previous year | 0.4929 % change on previous year | 1.09 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1840s | 1.03 % change on previous year | 0.9859 % change on previous year | 1.08 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1850s | 1.13 % change on previous year | 0.9835 % change on previous year | 1.15 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1860s | 1.15 % change on previous year | 1.15 % change on previous year | 1.15 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1870s | 11.64 % change on previous year | -4.31 % change on previous year | 103.3 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1880s | 1.29 % change on previous year | 1.19 % change on previous year | 2.02 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1890s | 1.21 % change on previous year | 1.18 % change on previous year | 1.23 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1900s | 1.17 % change on previous year | 1.14 % change on previous year | 1.18 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1910s | 0.779 % change on previous year | 0.6307 % change on previous year | 1.14 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1920s | -0.8562 % change on previous year | -1.13 % change on previous year | 0.6297 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1930s | -1.26 % change on previous year | -1.4 % change on previous year | -1.15 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1940s | -1.61 % change on previous year | -1.81 % change on previous year | -1.43 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1950s | 5.31 % change on previous year | -1.86 % change on previous year | 25.74 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1960s | 9.22 % change on previous year | -38.55 % change on previous year | 52.68 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1970s | 1.35 % change on previous year | -33.8 % change on previous year | 55.89 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.42 % change on previous year | -16.37 % change on previous year | 14.88 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1990s | 10.33 % change on previous year | -2.97 % change on previous year | 23.71 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.2094 % change on previous year | -32.93 % change on previous year | 22.25 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2010s | 79.13 % change on previous year | -1.35 % change on previous year | 532.71 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.7288 % change on previous year | -2 % change on previous year | 5.17 % change on previous year | 3 |
Countries ranked near Laos
- 169 American Samoa -0.9636 % change on previous year compare
- 170 United States Virgin Islands -0.965 % change on previous year compare
- 171 Puerto Rico -0.9652 % change on previous year compare
- 173 Grenada -0.9969 % change on previous year compare
- 174 Montserrat -1.03 % change on previous year compare
- 175 Guyana -1.13 % change on previous year compare
More energy & mining data for Laos
- Fossil fuel consumption by fuel, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2024)
- Fossil fuel consumption by fuel, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Primary energy use, annual growth rate 8.72 % change on previous year (2024)
- Coal consumption, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2024)
- Coal consumption, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Primary energy use, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Primary energy use, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2024)
- Coal production, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2024)
- Coal production, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Fuel imports 18.8% (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos?
- Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate in Laos was -0.9817 % change on previous year in 2022, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate recorded in Laos?
- The highest recorded value was 532.71 % change on previous year in 2015.
- What is the lowest sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate recorded in Laos?
- The lowest recorded value was -38.55 % change on previous year in 1968.
- How does Laos rank for sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate?
- Laos ranks 172nd out of 219 countries with data for 2022.
- Is sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate rising or falling in Laos?
- Over the last ten years it is down 120.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Laos data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Sulphur dioxide and coal, annual growth rate. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 272 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
The year-on-year percentage change in Sulphur dioxide and coal. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.
Computed from
- Coal consumption and sulphur dioxide emissions Hoesly et al. (2024) – Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
The year-on-year percentage change in Sulphur dioxide and coal. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.