Changes in energy use vs. changes in GDP per capita by country
Consumption-based (trade-adjusted) primary energy use measures domestic energy use minus energy used to produce exported goods, plus energy used to produce imported goods. Gross domestic product (GDP) is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.
What the numbers show
Changes in energy use vs. changes in GDP per capita is currently reported for 43 countries. The highest value is 130,787 kilowatt-hours in Luxembourg; the lowest is 10,500 kilowatt-hours in India.
The median across all reporting countries is 52,800 kilowatt-hours, and the mean is 51,156 kilowatt-hours.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 12.
Over the past decade 25 countries rose and 18 fell. The largest increase was in Ireland (up 70.9%), and the largest decrease in Australia (down 27.3%).
Changes in energy use vs. changes in GDP per capita: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Luxembourg | 130,787 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 25.4% | rising |
| 2 | Ireland | 98,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 70.9% | rising |
| 3 | United States | 97,300 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 6.9% | falling |
| 4 | Canada | 82,100 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 3.9% | flat |
| 5 | Finland | 79,500 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 6 | Norway | 78,200 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 13.7% | rising |
| 7 | Netherlands | 74,600 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 1.3% | flat |
| 8 | Belgium | 69,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 9 | Malta | 69,700 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 10 | Greece | 61,600 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 11 | Estonia | 60,000 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 34.2% | rising |
| 12 | South Korea | 59,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 13 | Germany | 59,100 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 0.9% | falling |
| 13 | Denmark | 59,100 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 4.2% | falling |
| 15 | Sweden | 57,300 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 5.3% | falling |
| 16 | Cyprus | 56,500 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 17 | Austria | 55,500 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 2.6% | flat |
| 18 | Australia | 55,000 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 27.3% | flat |
| 19 | France | 53,700 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 20 | Switzerland | 53,400 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 19.1% | falling |
| 21 | Japan | 53,100 kilowatt-hours | 2019 | up 16.2% | falling |
| 22 | Czechia | 52,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 23 | Lithuania | 50,600 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 53.3% | falling |
| 24 | Slovenia | 49,900 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 2.9% | falling |
| 25 | Hungary | 49,300 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 27.7% | rising |
| 26 | Slovakia | 47,700 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 0.2% | flat |
| 27 | United Kingdom | 45,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 28 | Russia | 44,900 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 29 | Latvia | 42,700 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 37.3% | volatile |
| 30 | Italy | 39,400 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 31 | Spain | 33,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 32 | Poland | 32,900 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 33 | Croatia | 32,200 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 15.4% | rising |
| 34 | Portugal | 30,400 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 1.3% | falling |
| 35 | Bulgaria | 28,300 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 19.9% | rising |
| 36 | China | 28,100 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 49.5% | rising |
| 37 | Romania | 26,000 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 38 | Mexico | 21,900 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 22.3% | flat |
| 39 | South Africa | 21,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 9.9% | falling |
| 40 | Turkey | 20,500 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 2.8% | rising |
| 41 | Brazil | 13,800 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | down 13.2% | rising |
| 42 | Indonesia | 11,500 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 19.4% | rising |
| 43 | India | 10,500 kilowatt-hours | 2020 | up 61.0% | rising |
About this data
Consumption-based (trade-adjusted) primary energy use measures domestic energy use minus energy used to produce exported goods, plus energy used to produce imported goods. Gross domestic product (GDP) is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.