Share of primary energy use by source in Turkey
Turkey: Share of primary energy use by source was 27.8% in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Share of primary energy use by source in Turkey, 1982–2025
Source: Energy Institute – Statistical Review of World Energy (2026); Smil (2017); U.S. Energy Information Administration (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in %.
Analysis
The most recent figure for share of primary energy use by source in Turkey is 27.8%, measured in 2025.
The figure is up 6.0% on the previous year and down 10.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, share of primary energy use by source in Turkey peaked at 33.7% in 2011 and was at its lowest, 0.1%, in 1984.
Turkey ranks 36th of 77 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Share of primary energy use by source in Turkey, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1982 | 0.1% | — |
| 1983 | 0.1% | +4.1% |
| 1984 | 0.1% | -6.7% |
| 1985 | 0.1% | +17.9% |
| 1986 | 1.0% | +677.5% |
| 1987 | 1.1% | +12.0% |
| 1988 | 2.4% | +113.9% |
| 1989 | 6.3% | +159.4% |
| 1990 | 6.3% | +0.0% |
| 1991 | 7.5% | +19.6% |
| 1992 | 7.9% | +5.1% |
| 1993 | 8.0% | +2.5% |
| 1994 | 8.7% | +8.6% |
| 1995 | 10.1% | +16.1% |
| 1996 | 10.9% | +7.2% |
| 1997 | 12.7% | +16.8% |
| 1998 | 13.1% | +3.4% |
| 1999 | 16.0% | +21.7% |
| 2000 | 17.4% | +8.6% |
| 2001 | 20.8% | +19.7% |
| 2002 | 20.9% | +0.7% |
| 2003 | 23.8% | +13.7% |
| 2004 | 23.8% | +0.2% |
| 2005 | 27.9% | +16.9% |
| 2006 | 28.5% | +2.3% |
| 2007 | 30.6% | +7.2% |
| 2008 | 31.6% | +3.5% |
| 2009 | 29.9% | -5.5% |
| 2010 | 30.9% | +3.3% |
| 2011 | 33.7% | +9.2% |
| 2012 | 32.9% | -2.3% |
| 2013 | 33.7% | +2.3% |
| 2014 | 33.6% | -0.1% |
| 2015 | 31.0% | -7.7% |
| 2016 | 28.5% | -8.4% |
| 2017 | 30.3% | +6.5% |
| 2018 | 27.8% | -8.3% |
| 2019 | 25.2% | -9.3% |
| 2020 | 27.0% | +7.1% |
| 2021 | 30.7% | +13.6% |
| 2022 | 27.4% | -10.8% |
| 2023 | 26.0% | -5.2% |
| 2024 | 26.2% | +0.9% |
| 2025 | 27.8% | +6.0% |
Turkey compared with similar countries
- Turkey's 27.8% is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 27.8%, 1.0× the median. (23 countries reporting)
- Turkey's 27.8% is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 24.9%, 1.1× the median. (37 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Share of primary energy use by source in Turkey changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | +677.5% | 0.1% | 1.0% |
| 1989 | +159.4% | 2.4% | 6.3% |
| 1988 | +113.9% | 1.1% | 2.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 1.4% | 0.1% | 6.3% | 8 |
| 1990s | 10.1% | 6.3% | 16.0% | 10 |
| 2000s | 25.5% | 17.4% | 31.6% | 10 |
| 2010s | 30.8% | 25.2% | 33.7% | 10 |
| 2020s | 27.5% | 26.0% | 30.7% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Turkey
More energy & mining data for Turkey
- Fossil fuel consumption by fuel, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Primary energy use, annual growth rate 4.49 % change on previous year (2025)
- Coal consumption, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2025)
- Coal consumption, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Primary energy use, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Primary energy use, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2025)
- Coal production, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2025)
- Coal production, per unit of GDP 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Fossil fuel consumption by fuel, per capita 0 terawatt-hours per person (2025)
- Fuel imports 8.6% (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is share of primary energy use by source in Turkey?
- Share of primary energy use by source in Turkey was 27.8% in 2025, according to Energy Institute – Statistical Review of World Energy (2026); Smil (2017); U.S. Energy Information Administration (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest share of primary energy use by source recorded in Turkey?
- The highest recorded value was 33.7% in 2011.
- What is the lowest share of primary energy use by source recorded in Turkey?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.1% in 1984.
- How does Turkey rank for share of primary energy use by source?
- Turkey ranks 36th out of 77 countries with data for 2025.
- Is share of primary energy use by source rising or falling in Turkey?
- Over the last ten years it is down 10.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Turkey data come from?
- The figures come from Energy Institute – Statistical Review of World Energy (2026); Smil (2017); U.S. Energy Information Administration (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Share of primary energy use by source. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Measured as a percentage of total energy supply.