Coal consumption and sulphur dioxide emissions by country
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is an air pollutant formed from the burning of fuels that contain sulfur, such as coal. SO₂ is one of the main chemicals that forms acid rain.
Countries reporting
214
Highest
11.28 million tonnes
India
Lowest
0 tonnes
Palestine
Median
27,412 tonnes
Years covered
273
1750–2022
Data points
60,060
What the numbers show
Coal consumption and sulphur dioxide emissions is currently reported for 214 countries. The highest value is 11.28 million tonnes in India; the lowest is 0 tonnes in Palestine.
The median across all reporting countries is 27,412 tonnes, and the mean is 340,994 tonnes.
Over the past decade 86 countries rose and 126 fell. The largest increase was in Laos (up 2,875.2%), and the largest decrease in Ukraine (down 90.6%).
Coal consumption and sulphur dioxide emissions: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | India | 11.28 million tonnes | 2022 | up 32.9% | volatile |
| 2 | China | 10.38 million tonnes | 2022 | down 66.7% | volatile |
| 3 | Russia | 5.25 million tonnes | 2022 | down 11.9% | volatile |
| 4 | Indonesia | 3.82 million tonnes | 2022 | up 48.7% | volatile |
| 5 | Saudi Arabia | 3.46 million tonnes | 2022 | up 2.8% | volatile |
| 6 | Turkey | 2.99 million tonnes | 2022 | up 32.1% | volatile |
| 7 | South Africa | 2.83 million tonnes | 2022 | down 13.1% | volatile |
| 8 | Iran | 2.19 million tonnes | 2022 | down 19.4% | volatile |
| 9 | Mexico | 2.11 million tonnes | 2022 | down 9.8% | volatile |
| 10 | Pakistan | 2.07 million tonnes | 2022 | up 66.9% | volatile |
| 11 | United States | 2.00 million tonnes | 2022 | down 64.1% | volatile |
| 12 | Vietnam | 1.29 million tonnes | 2022 | up 134.9% | volatile |
| 13 | Brazil | 1.13 million tonnes | 2022 | down 26.4% | volatile |
| 14 | Peru | 1.11 million tonnes | 2022 | up 5.6% | volatile |
| 15 | Kazakhstan | 1.06 million tonnes | 2022 | down 5.2% | volatile |
| 16 | Australia | 1.05 million tonnes | 2022 | down 20.1% | volatile |
| 17 | Singapore | 1.03 million tonnes | 2022 | down 55.5% | volatile |
| 18 | Uzbekistan | 1.02 million tonnes | 2022 | up 29.6% | volatile |
| 19 | United Arab Emirates | 874,177 tonnes | 2022 | down 26.4% | volatile |
| 20 | Philippines | 867,955 tonnes | 2022 | up 78.3% | volatile |
| 21 | Iraq | 773,825 tonnes | 2022 | up 5.5% | volatile |
| 22 | Bangladesh | 646,979 tonnes | 2022 | up 190.4% | volatile |
| 23 | Serbia | 642,734 tonnes | 2022 | down 19.0% | volatile |
| 24 | Canada | 629,055 tonnes | 2022 | down 49.6% | volatile |
| 25 | Malaysia | 620,594 tonnes | 2022 | up 22.1% | volatile |
| 26 | Japan | 617,600 tonnes | 2022 | down 42.2% | volatile |
| 27 | Thailand | 597,814 tonnes | 2022 | down 25.2% | volatile |
| 28 | Egypt | 563,150 tonnes | 2022 | down 24.0% | volatile |
| 29 | Kuwait | 448,963 tonnes | 2022 | down 8.6% | volatile |
| 30 | Chile | 410,897 tonnes | 2022 | down 33.3% | volatile |
| 31 | Poland | 376,349 tonnes | 2022 | down 49.9% | volatile |
| 32 | South Korea | 360,360 tonnes | 2022 | down 53.9% | volatile |
| 33 | Germany | 281,794 tonnes | 2022 | down 42.2% | volatile |
| 34 | Cuba | 268,354 tonnes | 2022 | down 35.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Laos | 256,495 tonnes | 2022 | up 2,875.2% | volatile |
| 36 | Turkmenistan | 249,083 tonnes | 2022 | down 1.5% | volatile |
| 37 | Zambia | 239,970 tonnes | 2022 | down 49.0% | volatile |
| 38 | Spain | 236,196 tonnes | 2022 | down 64.9% | volatile |
| 39 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 232,714 tonnes | 2022 | up 3.8% | volatile |
| 40 | Netherlands | 213,298 tonnes | 2022 | down 67.9% | volatile |
| 41 | Qatar | 195,356 tonnes | 2022 | down 28.8% | volatile |
| 42 | North Korea | 185,582 tonnes | 2022 | down 11.9% | volatile |
| 43 | Venezuela | 180,375 tonnes | 2022 | down 73.6% | volatile |
| 44 | Hong Kong | 172,497 tonnes | 2022 | down 64.5% | volatile |
| 45 | Sri Lanka | 171,105 tonnes | 2022 | down 0.9% | volatile |
| 46 | Israel | 169,703 tonnes | 2022 | down 63.6% | volatile |
| 47 | Belgium | 153,447 tonnes | 2022 | down 55.0% | volatile |
| 48 | Syria | 151,184 tonnes | 2022 | down 35.5% | volatile |
| 49 | Myanmar | 148,612 tonnes | 2022 | up 151.5% | volatile |
| 50 | United Kingdom | 140,141 tonnes | 2022 | down 74.8% | volatile |
| 51 | Colombia | 136,660 tonnes | 2022 | down 25.3% | volatile |
| 52 | Ecuador | 132,483 tonnes | 2022 | down 29.0% | volatile |
| 53 | Ukraine | 132,348 tonnes | 2022 | down 90.6% | volatile |
| 54 | Mongolia | 129,623 tonnes | 2022 | up 31.9% | volatile |
| 55 | Argentina | 123,333 tonnes | 2022 | down 49.8% | volatile |
| 56 | Dominican Republic | 119,097 tonnes | 2022 | up 21.4% | volatile |
| 57 | Nigeria | 119,082 tonnes | 2022 | up 20.7% | volatile |
| 58 | Italy | 118,215 tonnes | 2022 | down 60.4% | volatile |
| 59 | Greece | 117,652 tonnes | 2022 | down 57.7% | volatile |
| 60 | Namibia | 116,169 tonnes | 2022 | down 50.5% | volatile |
| 61 | Morocco | 115,647 tonnes | 2022 | down 59.9% | volatile |
| 62 | Oman | 108,993 tonnes | 2022 | down 20.3% | volatile |
| 63 | France | 102,305 tonnes | 2022 | down 70.2% | volatile |
| 64 | Libya | 95,896 tonnes | 2022 | down 43.9% | volatile |
| 65 | Nepal | 90,390 tonnes | 2022 | up 119.7% | volatile |
| 66 | Guatemala | 89,373 tonnes | 2022 | up 31.7% | volatile |
| 67 | Panama | 87,929 tonnes | 2022 | down 61.1% | volatile |
| 68 | Angola | 87,705 tonnes | 2022 | up 30.1% | volatile |
| 69 | Senegal | 82,277 tonnes | 2022 | up 125.0% | volatile |
| 70 | Taiwan | 81,206 tonnes | 2022 | down 53.5% | volatile |
| 71 | North Macedonia | 78,407 tonnes | 2022 | down 14.0% | volatile |
| 72 | Gibraltar | 76,371 tonnes | 2022 | down 61.0% | volatile |
| 73 | Belarus | 75,907 tonnes | 2022 | down 13.9% | volatile |
| 74 | Czechia | 71,555 tonnes | 2022 | down 53.4% | volatile |
| 75 | Lebanon | 70,773 tonnes | 2022 | down 21.5% | volatile |
| 76 | Romania | 70,162 tonnes | 2022 | down 73.0% | volatile |
| 77 | Brunei | 67,787 tonnes | 2022 | up 245.1% | volatile |
| 78 | New Zealand | 65,892 tonnes | 2022 | down 21.4% | volatile |
| 79 | Bahrain | 62,960 tonnes | 2022 | up 72.2% | volatile |
| 80 | Honduras | 61,501 tonnes | 2022 | down 15.6% | volatile |
| 81 | Cambodia | 60,772 tonnes | 2022 | up 104.5% | volatile |
| 82 | Curacao | 55,315 tonnes | 2022 | down 71.9% | volatile |
| 83 | Algeria | 55,289 tonnes | 2022 | down 32.0% | volatile |
| 84 | Ethiopia | 53,956 tonnes | 2022 | up 20.9% | volatile |
| 85 | Sweden | 53,054 tonnes | 2022 | down 49.3% | volatile |
| 86 | Zimbabwe | 51,721 tonnes | 2022 | down 24.0% | volatile |
| 87 | Bulgaria | 51,645 tonnes | 2022 | down 83.8% | volatile |
| 88 | Portugal | 48,646 tonnes | 2022 | down 42.5% | volatile |
| 89 | Kenya | 48,013 tonnes | 2022 | down 19.3% | volatile |
| 90 | Mauritius | 46,644 tonnes | 2022 | up 29.3% | volatile |
| 91 | Kyrgyzstan | 45,451 tonnes | 2022 | down 55.1% | volatile |
| 92 | Jordan | 44,436 tonnes | 2022 | down 66.9% | volatile |
| 93 | Tunisia | 42,951 tonnes | 2022 | down 28.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Madagascar | 39,870 tonnes | 2022 | up 102.7% | volatile |
| 95 | Ghana | 39,804 tonnes | 2022 | down 32.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Botswana | 39,465 tonnes | 2022 | down 16.6% | volatile |
| 97 | Sudan | 37,076 tonnes | 2022 | down 36.1% | volatile |
| 98 | Jamaica | 36,727 tonnes | 2022 | down 43.3% | volatile |
| 99 | Armenia | 35,482 tonnes | 2022 | down 4.7% | volatile |
| 100 | Yemen | 34,714 tonnes | 2022 | down 61.3% | volatile |
| 101 | Puerto Rico | 33,635 tonnes | 2022 | down 48.9% | volatile |
| 103 | Mozambique | 31,978 tonnes | 2022 | up 18.3% | volatile |
| 104 | Reunion | 30,938 tonnes | 2022 | up 55.1% | volatile |
| 105 | Afghanistan | 29,743 tonnes | 2022 | up 9.8% | volatile |
| 106 | Finland | 28,952 tonnes | 2022 | down 49.2% | volatile |
| 107 | Cameroon | 27,967 tonnes | 2022 | up 2.0% | volatile |
| 108 | Uruguay | 27,843 tonnes | 2022 | down 55.9% | volatile |
| 109 | Tajikistan | 26,981 tonnes | 2022 | up 15.6% | volatile |
| 110 | Papua New Guinea | 26,406 tonnes | 2022 | up 2.2% | volatile |
| 111 | Aruba | 25,010 tonnes | 2022 | down 76.2% | volatile |
| 112 | El Salvador | 24,484 tonnes | 2022 | down 44.0% | volatile |
| 113 | Nicaragua | 23,957 tonnes | 2022 | down 33.1% | volatile |
| 114 | Tanzania | 23,190 tonnes | 2022 | down 43.0% | volatile |
| 115 | New Caledonia | 23,163 tonnes | 2022 | up 27.6% | volatile |
| 116 | Guinea | 21,902 tonnes | 2022 | up 78.1% | volatile |
| 117 | Trinidad and Tobago | 21,354 tonnes | 2022 | down 25.9% | volatile |
| 118 | Azerbaijan | 20,944 tonnes | 2022 | down 9.2% | volatile |
| 119 | Lithuania | 20,844 tonnes | 2022 | down 40.9% | volatile |
| 120 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 19,691 tonnes | 2022 | down 3.0% | volatile |
| 121 | Suriname | 19,512 tonnes | 2022 | down 4.9% | volatile |
| 122 | Burkina Faso | 18,195 tonnes | 2022 | up 65.5% | volatile |
| 123 | Norway | 17,144 tonnes | 2022 | down 45.5% | volatile |
| 124 | Estonia | 16,806 tonnes | 2022 | down 70.6% | volatile |
| 125 | Cote d'Ivoire | 16,314 tonnes | 2022 | down 27.2% | volatile |
| 126 | Lesotho | 16,282 tonnes | 2022 | up 40.4% | volatile |
| 127 | Mauritania | 16,034 tonnes | 2022 | up 67.7% | volatile |
| 128 | Uganda | 15,018 tonnes | 2022 | up 0.3% | volatile |
| 129 | Haiti | 14,789 tonnes | 2022 | up 11.5% | volatile |
| 130 | Bolivia | 14,462 tonnes | 2022 | down 14.0% | volatile |
| 131 | Slovakia | 13,904 tonnes | 2022 | down 75.6% | volatile |
| 132 | Cyprus | 13,472 tonnes | 2022 | down 41.3% | volatile |
| 133 | Hungary | 13,237 tonnes | 2022 | down 56.7% | volatile |
| 134 | Guyana | 13,191 tonnes | 2022 | up 13.4% | volatile |
| 135 | Iceland | 13,139 tonnes | 2022 | down 29.1% | volatile |
| 136 | Mali | 12,162 tonnes | 2022 | up 57.2% | volatile |
| 137 | Denmark | 12,102 tonnes | 2022 | down 56.3% | volatile |
| 138 | Austria | 11,554 tonnes | 2022 | down 25.5% | volatile |
| 140 | Malawi | 10,657 tonnes | 2022 | up 58.0% | volatile |
| 141 | Paraguay | 10,574 tonnes | 2022 | down 33.8% | volatile |
| 142 | Costa Rica | 9,892 tonnes | 2022 | down 63.2% | volatile |
| 143 | Niger | 9,506 tonnes | 2022 | down 3.1% | volatile |
| 144 | Benin | 9,388 tonnes | 2022 | up 45.4% | volatile |
| 145 | Congo | 8,869 tonnes | 2022 | up 8.3% | volatile |
| 146 | Albania | 8,349 tonnes | 2022 | down 13.8% | volatile |
| 147 | Moldova | 8,206 tonnes | 2022 | up 26.0% | volatile |
| 148 | Montenegro | 7,595 tonnes | 2022 | down 75.6% | volatile |
| 149 | Liberia | 7,352 tonnes | 2022 | up 74.9% | volatile |
| 150 | Bhutan | 7,076 tonnes | 2022 | up 18.3% | volatile |
| 151 | Gabon | 6,815 tonnes | 2022 | down 53.8% | volatile |
| 152 | Sierra Leone | 6,586 tonnes | 2022 | up 67.6% | volatile |
| 153 | Croatia | 6,544 tonnes | 2022 | down 70.5% | volatile |
| 154 | Eritrea | 6,502 tonnes | 2022 | up 48.9% | volatile |
| 155 | Rwanda | 6,458 tonnes | 2022 | up 36.5% | volatile |
| 156 | Somalia | 6,101 tonnes | 2022 | up 42.8% | volatile |
| 157 | South Sudan | 5,605 tonnes | 2022 | up 36.5% | volatile |
| 158 | Togo | 5,436 tonnes | 2022 | up 46.8% | volatile |
| 159 | Slovenia | 5,295 tonnes | 2022 | down 59.6% | volatile |
| 160 | Seychelles | 5,202 tonnes | 2022 | up 56.4% | volatile |
| 161 | Eswatini | 5,182 tonnes | 2022 | up 58.6% | volatile |
| 162 | Switzerland | 5,084 tonnes | 2022 | down 50.6% | volatile |
| 163 | Maldives | 4,956 tonnes | 2022 | up 6.5% | volatile |
| 164 | Fiji | 4,853 tonnes | 2022 | up 0.1% | volatile |
| 165 | Equatorial Guinea | 4,507 tonnes | 2022 | up 81.0% | volatile |
| 166 | Latvia | 4,349 tonnes | 2022 | down 65.3% | volatile |
| 167 | Djibouti | 4,317 tonnes | 2022 | up 62.4% | volatile |
| 168 | Georgia | 4,163 tonnes | 2022 | up 3.0% | volatile |
| 169 | Macao | 3,830 tonnes | 2022 | up 9.7% | volatile |
| 170 | Cape Verde | 3,763 tonnes | 2022 | up 54.6% | volatile |
| 171 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 3,666 tonnes | 2022 | down 48.9% | volatile |
| 172 | Bahamas | 3,657 tonnes | 2022 | down 36.6% | volatile |
| 173 | Gambia | 3,438 tonnes | 2022 | up 81.8% | volatile |
| 174 | Chad | 3,394 tonnes | 2022 | up 1.6% | volatile |
| 175 | French Polynesia | 3,261 tonnes | 2022 | up 6.9% | volatile |
| 177 | Burundi | 2,968 tonnes | 2022 | up 13.1% | volatile |
| 178 | Central African Republic | 2,890 tonnes | 2022 | up 43.7% | volatile |
| 180 | Barbados | 2,387 tonnes | 2022 | down 34.4% | volatile |
| 181 | Guinea-Bissau | 2,155 tonnes | 2022 | up 66.4% | volatile |
| 183 | Comoros | 1,367 tonnes | 2022 | up 70.4% | volatile |
| 184 | Samoa | 1,224 tonnes | 2022 | up 2.4% | volatile |
| 185 | Palau | 1,165 tonnes | 2022 | up 0.0% | volatile |
| 186 | French Guiana | 1,080 tonnes | 2022 | down 24.0% | volatile |
| 187 | Solomon Islands | 1,042 tonnes | 2022 | up 1.9% | volatile |
| 188 | East Timor | 1,038 tonnes | 2022 | up 2.4% | volatile |
| 189 | United States Virgin Islands | 965.77 tonnes | 2022 | down 48.9% | volatile |
| 190 | Micronesia (country) | 934.13 tonnes | 2022 | up 2.0% | volatile |
| 191 | Antigua and Barbuda | 867.46 tonnes | 2022 | down 31.3% | volatile |
| 192 | Sao Tome and Principe | 841.57 tonnes | 2022 | up 75.6% | volatile |
| 193 | Cayman Islands | 820.08 tonnes | 2022 | down 12.0% | volatile |
| 194 | Belize | 786.68 tonnes | 2022 | down 12.8% | volatile |
| 195 | Vanuatu | 766.69 tonnes | 2022 | up 2.7% | volatile |
| 196 | Bermuda | 689.55 tonnes | 2022 | down 23.5% | volatile |
| 197 | Saint Lucia | 590.4 tonnes | 2022 | down 9.9% | volatile |
| 198 | Tonga | 553.16 tonnes | 2022 | up 1.4% | volatile |
| 199 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 533.08 tonnes | 2022 | down 4.1% | volatile |
| 200 | American Samoa | 503.5 tonnes | 2022 | down 48.9% | volatile |
| 201 | Marshall Islands | 384.82 tonnes | 2022 | up 9.6% | volatile |
| 202 | Grenada | 350.26 tonnes | 2022 | down 10.4% | volatile |
| 203 | Kiribati | 335.93 tonnes | 2022 | up 0.9% | volatile |
| 204 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 309.3 tonnes | 2022 | down 4.3% | volatile |
| 205 | Cook Islands | 262.42 tonnes | 2022 | up 7.9% | volatile |
| 206 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 240.05 tonnes | 2022 | down 4.4% | volatile |
| 207 | British Virgin Islands | 223.84 tonnes | 2022 | down 4.3% | volatile |
| 208 | Dominica | 160.9 tonnes | 2022 | down 4.3% | volatile |
| 209 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 113.68 tonnes | 2022 | down 30.0% | volatile |
| 210 | Montserrat | 107.34 tonnes | 2022 | down 11.3% | volatile |
| 211 | Wallis and Futuna | 98.55 tonnes | 2022 | up 7.1% | volatile |
| 212 | Western Sahara | 83.02 tonnes | 2022 | down 17.2% | volatile |
| 213 | Falkland Islands | 55.32 tonnes | 2022 | down 22.7% | volatile |
| 214 | Niue | 40.83 tonnes | 2022 | up 9.7% | volatile |
| 215 | Greenland | 2.15 tonnes | 2022 | up 0.7% | volatile |
| 216 | Faroe Islands | 0.6963 tonnes | 2022 | down 1.5% | rising |
| 217 | Tokelau | 0.2245 tonnes | 2022 | up 5.1% | volatile |
| 219 | Guam | 0 tonnes | 2022 | — | volatile |
| 219 | Palestine | 0 tonnes | 2022 | — | flat |
About this data
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is an air pollutant formed from the burning of fuels that contain sulfur, such as coal. SO₂ is one of the main chemicals that forms acid rain.