Annual change in primary energy use, per unit of GDP by country
Annual change in primary energy use divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
199
Highest
0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP
Turkmenistan
Lowest
-0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP
New Caledonia
Median
0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP
Years covered
60
1966–2025
Data points
9,217
What the numbers show
Annual change in primary energy use, per unit of GDP is currently reported for 199 countries. The highest value is 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP in Turkmenistan; the lowest is -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP in New Caledonia.
The median across all reporting countries is 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP, and the mean is 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 83 countries rose and 116 fell. The largest increase was in Somalia (up 80,673.2%), and the largest decrease in Belgium (down 650.1%).
Annual change in primary energy use, per unit of GDP: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Turkmenistan | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 39.7% | volatile |
| 2 | Bhutan | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 9,011.9% | volatile |
| 3 | Libya | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 601.4% | volatile |
| 4 | Yemen | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2018 | up 157.6% | volatile |
| 5 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 348.4% | volatile |
| 6 | Zimbabwe | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 471.5% | volatile |
| 7 | Cambodia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 314.3% | volatile |
| 8 | Brunei Darussalam | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 9.9% | volatile |
| 9 | Oman | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 5.7% | volatile |
| 10 | Guam | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2022 | up 131.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Naoero | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 6.5% | volatile |
| 12 | Republic of Moldova | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 214.9% | volatile |
| 13 | Tajikistan | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 37.4% | volatile |
| 14 | Paraguay | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 334.3% | volatile |
| 15 | Mozambique | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 28.9% | volatile |
| 16 | Mongolia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 43.7% | volatile |
| 17 | Kazakhstan | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 123.4% | volatile |
| 18 | Myanmar | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 43.4% | volatile |
| 19 | Ukraine | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 106.5% | volatile |
| 20 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 235.7% | volatile |
| 21 | Bangladesh | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 65.7% | volatile |
| 22 | Uzbekistan | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 163.8% | volatile |
| 23 | Tonga | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 366.5% | volatile |
| 24 | Georgia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 24.7% | volatile |
| 25 | Kiribati | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 2,538.4% | volatile |
| 26 | Indonesia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 120.1% | volatile |
| 27 | Iraq | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 7,042.4% | volatile |
| 28 | North Macedonia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 212.4% | volatile |
| 29 | Papua New Guinea | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 69.5% | volatile |
| 30 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 1,269.9% | volatile |
| 31 | Mauritius | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 89.6% | volatile |
| 32 | Viet Nam | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 70.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 4,353.9% | volatile |
| 34 | Botswana | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 1,281.9% | volatile |
| 35 | Morocco | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 217.8% | volatile |
| 36 | Seychelles | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 84.9% | volatile |
| 37 | Ghana | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 313.2% | volatile |
| 38 | Egypt | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 87.3% | volatile |
| 39 | Nepal | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 18.0% | volatile |
| 40 | Dominican Republic | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 260.6% | volatile |
| 41 | Congo | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 175.7% | volatile |
| 42 | Nigeria | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 17.6% | volatile |
| 43 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 209.0% | volatile |
| 44 | Türkiye | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 49.0% | volatile |
| 45 | Vanuatu | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 46.4% | volatile |
| 46 | Armenia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 46.6% | volatile |
| 47 | Bahrain | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 201.8% | volatile |
| 48 | United Arab Emirates | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 643.0% | volatile |
| 49 | Algeria | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 69.9% | volatile |
| 50 | Malawi | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 222.6% | volatile |
| 51 | Comoros | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 169.3% | volatile |
| 52 | Mauritania | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 82.7% | volatile |
| 53 | Timor-Leste | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 74.7% | volatile |
| 54 | China | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 99.0% | volatile |
| 55 | Grenada | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 120.8% | volatile |
| 56 | Saudi Arabia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 73.7% | volatile |
| 57 | Kenya | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 13.8% | volatile |
| 58 | Malaysia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 15.2% | volatile |
| 59 | Albania | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 197.6% | volatile |
| 60 | Pakistan | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 68.4% | volatile |
| 61 | Sri Lanka | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 23.5% | volatile |
| 62 | Fiji | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 66.6% | volatile |
| 63 | Solomon Islands | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 159.0% | volatile |
| 64 | Lebanon | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 57.0% | volatile |
| 65 | Croatia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 470.3% | volatile |
| 66 | Belize | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 167.5% | volatile |
| 67 | Cape Verde | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 70.2% | volatile |
| 68 | Central African Republic | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 26.6% | volatile |
| 69 | Guinea-Bissau | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 44.6% | volatile |
| 70 | Micronesia, Federated States of | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 62.8% | volatile |
| 71 | Kuwait | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 87.4% | volatile |
| 72 | French Polynesia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 408.4% | volatile |
| 73 | Benin | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 64.2% | volatile |
| 74 | Mali | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 37.5% | volatile |
| 75 | Guatemala | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 43.5% | volatile |
| 76 | Samoa | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 26.6% | volatile |
| 77 | Sierra Leone | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 46.5% | volatile |
| 78 | Poland | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 59.5% | volatile |
| 79 | Czechia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 159.4% | volatile |
| 80 | Bulgaria | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 86.4% | volatile |
| 81 | Maldives | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 95.2% | volatile |
| 82 | Gambia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 83.7% | volatile |
| 83 | Dominica | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 54.6% | volatile |
| 84 | Gabon | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 57.8% | volatile |
| 85 | Brazil | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 275.8% | volatile |
| 86 | Ecuador | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 184.2% | volatile |
| 87 | Cameroon | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 90.0% | volatile |
| 88 | Cyprus | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 36.8% | volatile |
| 89 | Namibia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 70.1% | volatile |
| 90 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 58.8% | volatile |
| 91 | Canada | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 618.7% | volatile |
| 92 | Guinea | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 61.6% | volatile |
| 93 | Burkina Faso | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 131.9% | volatile |
| 94 | Montenegro | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 145.5% | volatile |
| 95 | India | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 83.6% | volatile |
| 96 | Eswatini | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 54.1% | volatile |
| 97 | Saint Lucia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 90.3% | volatile |
| 98 | Eritrea | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2011 | down 94.3% | volatile |
| 99 | Tunisia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 90.4% | volatile |
| 100 | Angola | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 71.2% | volatile |
| 101 | Uruguay | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 159.9% | volatile |
| 102 | Macau, China | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 0.9% | volatile |
| 103 | Liberia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 95.5% | volatile |
| 104 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 17.0% | volatile |
| 105 | United States of America | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 220.5% | volatile |
| 106 | Spain | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 56.3% | volatile |
| 107 | Ethiopia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 87.8% | volatile |
| 108 | Palestine, State of | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 83.0% | volatile |
| 109 | Madagascar | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 83.1% | volatile |
| 110 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 69.7% | volatile |
| 111 | Norway | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 704.2% | volatile |
| 112 | Somalia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 80,673.2% | volatile |
| 113 | Uganda | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 87.6% | volatile |
| 114 | Burundi | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 122.2% | volatile |
| 115 | Djibouti | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 93.5% | volatile |
| 116 | New Zealand | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 63.6% | volatile |
| 117 | Chile | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 101.6% | volatile |
| 118 | Slovakia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 63.6% | volatile |
| 119 | Peru | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 79.7% | volatile |
| 120 | Barbados | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 106.3% | volatile |
| 121 | Portugal | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 80.3% | volatile |
| 122 | Aruba | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 56.4% | volatile |
| 123 | Senegal | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 93.8% | volatile |
| 124 | Chad | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 11.4% | volatile |
| 125 | Puerto Rico | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 119.5% | volatile |
| 126 | Suriname | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 20.6% | volatile |
| 127 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 87.9% | volatile |
| 128 | Hungary | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 94.0% | volatile |
| 129 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 90.2% | volatile |
| 130 | Greece | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 305.9% | volatile |
| 131 | Cayman Islands | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 42.2% | volatile |
| 132 | Nicaragua | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 95.0% | volatile |
| 133 | Hong Kong, China | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 86.0% | volatile |
| 134 | Bermuda | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 96.9% | volatile |
| 135 | Singapore | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 98.5% | volatile |
| 136 | Netherlands | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 69.2% | volatile |
| 137 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 98.9% | volatile |
| 138 | France | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 88.0% | volatile |
| 139 | Panama | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 96.2% | volatile |
| 140 | Bahamas | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 108.3% | volatile |
| 141 | Greenland | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2023 | up 107.7% | volatile |
| 142 | Zambia | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 99.3% | volatile |
| 143 | Guyana | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 89.5% | volatile |
| 144 | American Samoa | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2022 | down 99.8% | volatile |
| 145 | Rwanda | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 146 | Faroe Islands | 0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 149 | Germany | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 112.2% | volatile |
| 150 | Haiti | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 102.2% | volatile |
| 151 | Ireland | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 109.8% | volatile |
| 152 | Australia | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 116.2% | volatile |
| 153 | Latvia | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 107.7% | volatile |
| 154 | Finland | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 88.5% | volatile |
| 155 | Jordan | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 106.7% | volatile |
| 156 | Italy | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 118.9% | volatile |
| 157 | Côte d'Ivoire | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 111.7% | volatile |
| 158 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 250.1% | volatile |
| 159 | Japan | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 54.8% | volatile |
| 160 | Mexico | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 122.1% | volatile |
| 161 | Austria | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 149.6% | volatile |
| 162 | Israel | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 120.7% | volatile |
| 163 | South Africa | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 257.1% | volatile |
| 164 | Romania | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 442.5% | volatile |
| 165 | Costa Rica | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 172.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Sweden | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 56.2% | volatile |
| 167 | Argentina | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 172.1% | volatile |
| 168 | Luxembourg | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 17.1% | volatile |
| 169 | Honduras | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 116.3% | volatile |
| 170 | Denmark | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 8.5% | volatile |
| 171 | Russian Federation | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 73.7% | volatile |
| 172 | Belgium | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 650.1% | volatile |
| 173 | Switzerland | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 59.6% | volatile |
| 174 | Slovenia | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 75.3% | volatile |
| 175 | Lithuania | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 146.1% | volatile |
| 176 | Republic of Korea | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 183.3% | volatile |
| 177 | Philippines | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 121.0% | volatile |
| 178 | Togo | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 68.5% | volatile |
| 179 | Colombia | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 149.8% | volatile |
| 180 | Afghanistan | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 81.8% | volatile |
| 181 | Niger | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 1.9% | volatile |
| 182 | Belarus | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 90.0% | volatile |
| 183 | Qatar | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 110.7% | volatile |
| 184 | El Salvador | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 220.9% | volatile |
| 185 | Sudan | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 307.3% | volatile |
| 186 | Azerbaijan | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 121.6% | volatile |
| 187 | Jamaica | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 31.8% | volatile |
| 188 | Estonia | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 74.4% | volatile |
| 189 | Serbia | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 85.0% | volatile |
| 190 | Cuba | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2020 | down 127.1% | volatile |
| 191 | Thailand | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 176.6% | volatile |
| 192 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 67.9% | volatile |
| 193 | Kyrgyzstan | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 166.2% | volatile |
| 194 | United States Virgin Islands | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2022 | up 94.8% | volatile |
| 195 | Iceland | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 322.3% | volatile |
| 196 | Lesotho | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 430.5% | volatile |
| 197 | Malta | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 451.3% | volatile |
| 198 | Syrian Arab Republic | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2022 | up 76.6% | volatile |
| 199 | Equatorial Guinea | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 275.8% | volatile |
| 200 | Trinidad and Tobago | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 60.6% | volatile |
| 201 | New Caledonia | -0 terawatt-hours per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 291.9% | volatile |
How this figure is calculated
Annual change in primary energy use divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Annual change in primary energy use ÷ GDP (current US$)
Computed from
- Annual change in primary energy use Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2026); Smil (2017); U.S. Energy Information Administration (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data
- GDP Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Annual change in primary energy use divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.