Annual change in primary energy use by country
Change in total energy supply relative to the previous year, measured in terawatt-hours.
Countries reporting
213
Highest
947.2 terawatt-hours
China
Lowest
-56.71 terawatt-hours
South Korea
Median
0.1531 terawatt-hours
Years covered
60
1966–2025
Data points
10,501
What the numbers show
Annual change in primary energy use is currently reported for 213 countries. The highest value is 947.2 terawatt-hours in China; the lowest is -56.71 terawatt-hours in South Korea.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.1531 terawatt-hours, and the mean is 10.61 terawatt-hours.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 17.
Over the past decade 95 countries rose and 111 fell. The largest increase was in Somalia (up 168,641.0%), and the largest decrease in Belgium (down 965.6%).
Annual change in primary energy use: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 947.2 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 243.9% | volatile |
| 2 | United States | 495.61 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 302.6% | volatile |
| 3 | Indonesia | 157.63 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 269.6% | volatile |
| 4 | Turkey | 87.41 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 5.9% | volatile |
| 5 | India | 77.88 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 69.1% | volatile |
| 6 | Brazil | 60.71 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 322.3% | volatile |
| 7 | Saudi Arabia | 60.57 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 51.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Bangladesh | 52.85 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 19.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Kazakhstan | 52.54 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 138.9% | volatile |
| 10 | United Arab Emirates | 49.08 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 44.2% | volatile |
| 11 | Canada | 48.78 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 873.1% | volatile |
| 12 | Vietnam | 46.7 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 36.2% | volatile |
| 13 | Turkmenistan | 43.34 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 16.1% | volatile |
| 14 | Poland | 30.91 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 244.1% | volatile |
| 15 | Spain | 30.62 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 31.0% | volatile |
| 16 | Ukraine | 30.18 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 115.2% | volatile |
| 17 | Oman | 28.17 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 31.3% | volatile |
| 18 | Iraq | 26.89 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 10,793.8% | volatile |
| 19 | Egypt | 24.44 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 107.7% | volatile |
| 20 | Libya | 22.96 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 523.7% | volatile |
| 21 | Malaysia | 21.51 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 32.9% | volatile |
| 22 | Iran | 21.14 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 196.6% | volatile |
| 23 | Pakistan | 18.02 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 57.1% | volatile |
| 24 | Uzbekistan | 16.92 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 196.1% | volatile |
| 25 | Nigeria | 14.8 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 63.8% | volatile |
| 26 | Algeria | 14.75 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 53.9% | volatile |
| 27 | Zimbabwe | 13.86 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 890.9% | volatile |
| 28 | Morocco | 12.88 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 424.9% | volatile |
| 29 | Cambodia | 12.43 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 771.2% | volatile |
| 30 | Czechia | 11.65 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 222.7% | volatile |
| 31 | Myanmar | 11.23 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 36.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Paraguay | 9.42 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 381.2% | volatile |
| 33 | North Korea | 8.44 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 435.7% | volatile |
| 34 | Dominican Republic | 7.9 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 397.9% | volatile |
| 35 | Norway | 7.57 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 965.3% | volatile |
| 36 | Bolivia | 6.94 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 458.3% | volatile |
| 37 | Laos | 6.78 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 457.2% | volatile |
| 38 | France | 6.3 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 83.4% | volatile |
| 39 | Ghana | 5.63 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 529.4% | volatile |
| 40 | Kenya | 5.54 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 52.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Kuwait | 5.41 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 82.8% | volatile |
| 42 | Sri Lanka | 4.63 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 57.9% | volatile |
| 43 | Mozambique | 4.36 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 10.0% | volatile |
| 44 | Croatia | 4.34 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 862.7% | volatile |
| 45 | Moldova | 4.33 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 322.4% | volatile |
| 46 | Mongolia | 4.16 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 179.7% | volatile |
| 47 | Chile | 4.06 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 197.2% | volatile |
| 48 | Brunei | 3.97 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 19.1% | volatile |
| 49 | Bulgaria | 3.88 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 65.0% | volatile |
| 50 | Georgia | 3.87 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 43.3% | volatile |
| 51 | Guatemala | 3.7 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 10.5% | volatile |
| 52 | Netherlands | 3.65 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 47.1% | volatile |
| 53 | Peru | 3.6 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 64.1% | volatile |
| 54 | Portugal | 3.58 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 65.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Ecuador | 3.42 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 212.9% | volatile |
| 56 | Tajikistan | 3.34 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 1.0% | volatile |
| 57 | Yemen | 3.14 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 157.3% | volatile |
| 58 | New Zealand | 3.09 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 46.0% | volatile |
| 59 | Papua New Guinea | 2.89 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 125.0% | volatile |
| 60 | Nepal | 2.79 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 56.1% | volatile |
| 61 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.48 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7,036.7% | volatile |
| 62 | Bahrain | 2.46 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 238.2% | volatile |
| 63 | Ethiopia | 2.24 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 67.0% | volatile |
| 64 | Bhutan | 2.05 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 14,376.4% | volatile |
| 65 | Singapore | 1.93 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 97.0% | volatile |
| 66 | Angola | 1.9 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 80.6% | volatile |
| 67 | North Macedonia | 1.88 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 492.8% | volatile |
| 68 | Hong Kong | 1.79 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 80.6% | volatile |
| 69 | Slovakia | 1.72 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 36.9% | volatile |
| 70 | Hungary | 1.53 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 88.3% | volatile |
| 71 | Greece | 1.52 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 397.0% | volatile |
| 72 | Botswana | 1.41 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 1,622.8% | volatile |
| 73 | Armenia | 1.4 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 19.4% | volatile |
| 74 | Mauritius | 1.38 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 114.1% | volatile |
| 75 | Uruguay | 1.37 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 180.2% | volatile |
| 76 | Tanzania | 1.28 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 85.4% | volatile |
| 77 | Cameroon | 1.28 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 85.3% | volatile |
| 78 | Albania | 1.21 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 298.4% | volatile |
| 79 | Puerto Rico | 1.13 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 124.0% | volatile |
| 80 | Lebanon | 1.08 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 76.8% | volatile |
| 81 | Cyprus | 0.9784 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 30.9% | volatile |
| 82 | Congo | 0.9691 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 166.4% | volatile |
| 83 | Tunisia | 0.9579 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 90.2% | volatile |
| 84 | Syria | 0.8774 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 105.5% | volatile |
| 85 | Mali | 0.8767 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 86 | Macao | 0.8152 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 9.1% | volatile |
| 87 | Benin | 0.7191 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 42.1% | volatile |
| 88 | Uganda | 0.6889 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 79.6% | volatile |
| 89 | Malawi | 0.5793 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 314.6% | volatile |
| 90 | Gabon | 0.5628 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 51.5% | volatile |
| 91 | Mauritania | 0.5335 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 71.5% | volatile |
| 92 | Guinea | 0.5105 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 9.4% | volatile |
| 93 | Burkina Faso | 0.4659 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 152.9% | volatile |
| 94 | American Samoa | 0.4323 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 520.7% | volatile |
| 95 | Senegal | 0.3205 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 89.9% | volatile |
| 96 | Namibia | 0.3075 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 67.2% | volatile |
| 97 | Madagascar | 0.2562 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 76.3% | volatile |
| 98 | Fiji | 0.2511 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 58.9% | volatile |
| 99 | Palestine | 0.2346 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 80.5% | volatile |
| 100 | French Polynesia | 0.2174 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 417.0% | volatile |
| 101 | Sierra Leone | 0.2156 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 51.5% | volatile |
| 102 | Maldives | 0.204 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 90.9% | volatile |
| 103 | Chad | 0.1926 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 22.3% | volatile |
| 104 | South Sudan | 0.1792 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 17.9% | volatile |
| 105 | Somalia | 0.169 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 168,641.0% | volatile |
| 106 | Montenegro | 0.1659 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 182.2% | volatile |
| 107 | Seychelles | 0.1531 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 75.8% | volatile |
| 108 | Panama | 0.15 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 93.5% | volatile |
| 109 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.1483 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 97.8% | volatile |
| 110 | United States Virgin Islands | 0.1471 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 97.6% | volatile |
| 111 | Belize | 0.1286 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 201.2% | volatile |
| 112 | Eritrea | 0.1155 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 113 | Cape Verde | 0.1068 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 60.4% | volatile |
| 114 | Central African Republic | 0.1023 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 6.6% | volatile |
| 115 | Eswatini | 0.0956 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 48.0% | volatile |
| 116 | Falkland Islands | 0.0921 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 117 | East Timor | 0.0914 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 67.4% | volatile |
| 118 | Nicaragua | 0.0871 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 91.7% | volatile |
| 119 | Cuba | 0.0863 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 96.3% | volatile |
| 120 | Montserrat | 0.0826 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 646.4% | volatile |
| 121 | Barbados | 0.0814 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 108.4% | volatile |
| 122 | Comoros | 0.0813 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 197.0% | volatile |
| 123 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0813 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7.3% | volatile |
| 124 | Liberia | 0.0781 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 93.3% | volatile |
| 125 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.0771 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 3,755.7% | volatile |
| 126 | Tonga | 0.0741 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 584.9% | volatile |
| 127 | Western Sahara | 0.0713 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 128 | Vanuatu | 0.0702 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 20.9% | volatile |
| 129 | Gambia | 0.0688 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 68.2% | volatile |
| 130 | Solomon Islands | 0.0666 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 170.0% | volatile |
| 131 | Grenada | 0.0642 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 130.9% | volatile |
| 132 | Saint Lucia | 0.0499 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 183.4% | volatile |
| 133 | Djibouti | 0.0499 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 87.8% | volatile |
| 134 | Aruba | 0.0419 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 34.9% | volatile |
| 135 | Nauru | 0.0416 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 80.2% | volatile |
| 136 | Cayman Islands | 0.0398 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 1.6% | volatile |
| 137 | Kiribati | 0.0387 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4,420.3% | volatile |
| 138 | Suriname | 0.0378 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 33.1% | volatile |
| 139 | Samoa | 0.0374 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 86.9% | volatile |
| 140 | Burundi | 0.0366 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 124.9% | volatile |
| 141 | Cook Islands | 0.0315 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 32.5% | volatile |
| 142 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.031 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 52.5% | volatile |
| 143 | Bermuda | 0.0297 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 95.6% | volatile |
| 144 | Bahamas | 0.0272 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 111.8% | volatile |
| 145 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.0242 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 87.2% | volatile |
| 146 | Guam | 0.0198 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 106.7% | volatile |
| 147 | Dominica | 0.0193 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 45.4% | volatile |
| 148 | Micronesia (country) | 0.0173 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 43.3% | volatile |
| 149 | Netherlands Antilles | 0.017 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 96.7% | volatile |
| 150 | Zambia | 0.016 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 99.4% | volatile |
| 151 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.0103 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 82.0% | volatile |
| 152 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0087 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 81.8% | volatile |
| 153 | Greenland | 0.0074 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 102.8% | volatile |
| 154 | Guyana | 0.0072 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 37.4% | volatile |
| 155 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 0.0047 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 76.0% | volatile |
| 156 | Niue | 0.0009 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 7.4% | volatile |
| 157 | Rwanda | 0.0001 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 158 | Faroe Islands | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 158 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | flat |
| 158 | Tuvalu | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | flat |
| 158 | British Virgin Islands | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 158 | French Guiana | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 158 | Reunion | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 166 | Saint Helena | -0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 167 | Antarctica | -0.0062 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 168 | Haiti | -0.0328 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 103.5% | volatile |
| 169 | Latvia | -0.1778 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 114.2% | volatile |
| 170 | Jordan | -0.2475 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 109.7% | volatile |
| 171 | Lesotho | -0.3313 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 423.8% | volatile |
| 172 | Togo | -0.3618 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 47.6% | volatile |
| 173 | Cote d'Ivoire | -0.453 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 120.8% | volatile |
| 174 | Honduras | -0.6576 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 130.5% | volatile |
| 175 | Afghanistan | -0.8289 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 84.2% | volatile |
| 176 | Niger | -0.9763 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 85.2% | volatile |
| 177 | Finland | -1.26 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 84.4% | volatile |
| 178 | Jamaica | -1.28 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 108.7% | volatile |
| 179 | Costa Rica | -1.3 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 235.6% | volatile |
| 181 | Kyrgyzstan | -1.74 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 261.0% | volatile |
| 183 | El Salvador | -1.88 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 286.6% | volatile |
| 184 | Slovenia | -2.04 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 54.0% | volatile |
| 185 | Sudan | -2.76 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 308.0% | volatile |
| 186 | Lithuania | -2.86 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 205.6% | volatile |
| 187 | Estonia | -2.95 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 48.3% | volatile |
| 189 | Iceland | -4.24 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 820.6% | volatile |
| 190 | New Caledonia | -4.33 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 254.3% | volatile |
| 191 | South Africa | -4.34 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 293.6% | volatile |
| 192 | Azerbaijan | -4.34 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 131.0% | volatile |
| 193 | Belarus | -4.63 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 83.4% | volatile |
| 194 | Equatorial Guinea | -4.98 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 128.9% | volatile |
| 195 | Austria | -5.14 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 175.8% | volatile |
| 196 | Germany | -5.55 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 118.0% | volatile |
| 197 | Romania | -5.61 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 925.3% | volatile |
| 198 | Israel | -5.77 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 141.7% | volatile |
| 199 | Serbia | -6.1 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 72.4% | volatile |
| 200 | Australia | -6.54 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 121.4% | volatile |
| 201 | Venezuela | -8.45 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 74.4% | volatile |
| 202 | Sweden | -9.14 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 41.6% | volatile |
| 203 | Denmark | -9.44 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 40.3% | volatile |
| 204 | Argentina | -10.55 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 182.8% | volatile |
| 205 | Trinidad and Tobago | -11.18 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 55.3% | volatile |
| 206 | Qatar | -11.2 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 114.3% | volatile |
| 207 | Italy | -11.21 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 126.1% | volatile |
| 208 | Philippines | -14.83 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 133.3% | volatile |
| 209 | Mexico | -14.99 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 133.3% | volatile |
| 210 | Belgium | -15.5 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 965.6% | volatile |
| 211 | Taiwan | -16.34 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 345.6% | volatile |
| 212 | Colombia | -20.91 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 289.2% | volatile |
| 213 | United Kingdom | -22.95 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 304.0% | volatile |
| 214 | Switzerland | -23.38 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 135.8% | volatile |
| 215 | Japan | -34.76 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 55.8% | volatile |
| 216 | Thailand | -45.76 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 210.1% | volatile |
| 217 | Russia | -52.74 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 50.6% | volatile |
| 218 | South Korea | -56.71 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 201.4% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
About this data
Change in total energy supply relative to the previous year, measured in terawatt-hours.