Fossil fuel production by fuel, per square kilometre by country
Fossil fuel production by fuel divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
101
Highest
0.197 terawatt-hours per square kilometre
Bahrain
Lowest
0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre
Republic of Moldova
Median
0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre
Years covered
63
1961–2023
Data points
9,680
What the numbers show
Fossil fuel production by fuel, per square kilometre is currently reported for 101 countries. The highest value is 0.197 terawatt-hours per square kilometre in Bahrain; the lowest is 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre in Republic of Moldova.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre, and the mean is 0.0048 terawatt-hours per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 41 countries rose and 51 fell. The largest increase was in Cameroon (up 4,990,100,000,000,000,000.0%), and the largest decrease in Korea (down 100.0%).
Fossil fuel production by fuel, per square kilometre: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bahrain | 0.197 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.7% | volatile |
| 2 | Qatar | 0.1575 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.9% | volatile |
| 3 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.0487 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 35.5% | volatile |
| 4 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.0189 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.1% | volatile |
| 5 | Israel | 0.0108 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 287.0% | volatile |
| 6 | Kuwait | 0.0083 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.7% | volatile |
| 7 | United Arab Emirates | 0.0078 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.8% | volatile |
| 8 | Azerbaijan | 0.0043 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 103.5% | volatile |
| 9 | Norway | 0.0032 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.7% | volatile |
| 10 | Netherlands | 0.0029 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 86.4% | rising |
| 11 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.0026 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.3% | volatile |
| 12 | Malaysia | 0.0024 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.5% | volatile |
| 13 | Turkmenistan | 0.0016 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.4% | rising |
| 14 | Bangladesh | 0.0016 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.7% | volatile |
| 15 | Iran | 0.0016 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 65.5% | volatile |
| 16 | United Kingdom | 0.0014 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.7% | volatile |
| 17 | Oman | 0.0014 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.2% | volatile |
| 18 | United States | 0.0011 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 56.9% | rising |
| 19 | Uzbekistan | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.8% | rising |
| 20 | Egypt | 0.0006 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.8% | volatile |
| 21 | Saudi Arabia | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.5% | volatile |
| 22 | Thailand | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.1% | volatile |
| 23 | Nigeria | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.0% | volatile |
| 24 | Algeria | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.0% | volatile |
| 25 | Romania | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.0% | falling |
| 26 | Timor-Leste | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 91.9% | volatile |
| 27 | Indonesia | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.3% | volatile |
| 28 | Pakistan | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.2% | volatile |
| 29 | Russia | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 30 | Denmark | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 72.8% | volatile |
| 31 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.0% | rising |
| 32 | Ukraine | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.2% | rising |
| 33 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10,418.3% | volatile |
| 34 | China (People’s Republic of) | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 92.3% | volatile |
| 35 | Iraq | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.3% | volatile |
| 36 | Myanmar | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.9% | volatile |
| 37 | Viet Nam | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.5% | volatile |
| 38 | Canada | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.0% | rising |
| 39 | Mexico | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 26.3% | rising |
| 40 | Australia | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 148.5% | volatile |
| 41 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 29.6% | volatile |
| 42 | Ireland | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 555.2% | volatile |
| 43 | Hungary | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.6% | volatile |
| 44 | New Zealand | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.5% | volatile |
| 45 | Mozambique | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 102.4% | volatile |
| 46 | Argentina | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.4% | volatile |
| 47 | Ghana | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 48 | Croatia | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 53.3% | falling |
| 49 | Peru | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.4% | volatile |
| 50 | Poland | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.4% | rising |
| 51 | Barbados | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 79.9% | volatile |
| 52 | Kazakhstan | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.0% | volatile |
| 53 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 39.7% | volatile |
| 54 | Germany | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 55.8% | falling |
| 55 | Colombia | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.8% | volatile |
| 56 | India | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.7% | volatile |
| 57 | Tunisia | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.1% | volatile |
| 58 | Italy | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 61.4% | falling |
| 59 | Cuba | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.0% | volatile |
| 60 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.6% | volatile |
| 61 | Philippines | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 39.2% | volatile |
| 62 | Austria | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 61.1% | falling |
| 63 | Libya | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.8% | volatile |
| 64 | Japan | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.1% | rising |
| 65 | Cameroon | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4,990,100,000,000,000,000.0% | volatile |
| 66 | Angola | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 533.5% | volatile |
| 67 | Serbia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 42.9% | rising |
| 68 | Congo | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.7% | volatile |
| 69 | Rwanda | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 70 | Brazil | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.7% | volatile |
| 71 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 206.5% | volatile |
| 72 | Czechia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.2% | flat |
| 73 | Jordan | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.8% | volatile |
| 74 | Chile | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.4% | falling |
| 75 | Gabon | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.6% | volatile |
| 76 | Albania | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 164.3% | volatile |
| 77 | Türkiye | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.1% | volatile |
| 78 | Ecuador | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 52.1% | volatile |
| 79 | Slovak Republic | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 62.7% | falling |
| 80 | Guatemala | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 81 | Belgium | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 82 | Belarus | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 82.2% | volatile |
| 83 | Slovenia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.5% | volatile |
| 84 | Senegal | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 42.2% | volatile |
| 85 | Georgia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 94.0% | volatile |
| 86 | Kyrgyzstan | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.4% | volatile |
| 87 | Tajikistan | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 43.3% | volatile |
| 88 | Afghanistan | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2020 | down 40.2% | volatile |
| 89 | Morocco | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 42.5% | rising |
| 90 | Bulgaria | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 96.1% | volatile |
| 91 | Spain | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 41.2% | volatile |
| 92 | South Africa | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 95.1% | volatile |
| 93 | Suriname | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 94 | France | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 94.3% | volatile |
| 95 | Greece | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 60.3% | volatile |
| 96 | Niger | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 97 | Yemen | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 99.9% | volatile |
| 98 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 98 | Switzerland | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 98 | Korea | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 98 | Republic of Moldova | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | — | volatile |
How this figure is calculated
Fossil fuel production by fuel divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Fossil fuel production by fuel ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Fossil fuel production by fuel Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2026); Etemad & Luciani (1991); U.S. Energy Information Administration (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Fossil fuel production by fuel divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.