Fossil-fuel subsidies (consumption and production) as a proportion of total GDP (%) by country

Countries reporting
188
Highest
27.8%
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Lowest
-0.1%
Peru
Median
0.2%
Years covered
17
2010–2026
Data points
3,361

What the numbers show

Fossil-fuel subsidies (consumption and production) as a proportion of total GDP (%) is currently reported for 188 countries. The highest value is 27.8% in Iran (Islamic Republic of); the lowest is -0.1% in Peru.

The median across all reporting countries is 0.2%, and the mean is 1.2%.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 388.

Over the past decade 42 countries rose and 104 fell. The largest increase was in Netherlands (Kingdom of the) (up 13,168.9%), and the largest decrease in Albania (down 100.0%).

Fossil-fuel subsidies (consumption and production) as a proportion of: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 27.8% 2024 down 0.3% flat
2 Turkmenistan 14.0% 2024 down 26.3% volatile
3 Uzbekistan 12.7% 2024 down 33.5% volatile
4 Algeria 12.5% 2024 down 6.2% volatile
5 Libya 12.2% 2024 up 27.0% volatile
6 Azerbaijan 8.4% 2024 up 133.9% volatile
7 Iraq 7.5% 2024 up 18.8% falling
8 Kuwait 6.9% 2024 down 12.4% rising
9 Russian Federation 6.7% 2024 up 127.0% volatile
9 Russian Federation 6.7% 2024 up 127.0% volatile
11 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 5.9% 2024 volatile
12 Kazakhstan 5.7% 2024 up 51.3% volatile
13 Egypt 5.6% 2024 down 32.0% falling
14 Saudi Arabia 5.0% 2024 down 51.9% falling
15 Angola 4.4% 2024 up 33.1% volatile
16 Ukraine 4.4% 2024 down 16.7% volatile
17 United Arab Emirates 3.4% 2024 down 34.6% volatile
18 Colombia 3.3% 2024 up 302.6% volatile
19 Trinidad and Tobago 3.0% 2024 down 19.4% volatile
20 Netherlands (Kingdom of the) 3.0% 2024 up 13,168.9% volatile
21 Qatar 2.9% 2024 down 39.5% volatile
22 Bahrain 2.7% 2024 down 61.7% volatile
23 Indonesia 2.7% 2024 down 45.2% falling
24 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2.6% 2024 down 57.7% volatile
25 Brunei Darussalam 2.5% 2024 down 21.0% volatile
25 Brunei Darussalam 2.5% 2024 down 21.0% volatile
27 Pakistan 2.2% 2024 down 26.5% volatile
28 South Africa 2.1% 2024 up 158.5% rising
29 Malaysia 2.0% 2024 up 86.0% volatile
30 Croatia 1.9% 2024 up 919.1% volatile
31 India 1.8% 2024 down 7.2% falling
32 Republic of Moldova 1.8% 2024 up 276.8% volatile
32 Republic of Moldova 1.8% 2024 up 276.8% volatile
34 Ecuador 1.7% 2024 down 69.3% volatile
35 Sri Lanka 1.7% 2024 up 286.0% volatile
36 Syrian Arab Republic 1.4% 2024 down 82.3% volatile
36 Syrian Arab Republic 1.4% 2024 down 82.3% volatile
38 Argentina 1.3% 2024 down 63.6% flat
39 Norway 1.3% 2024 down 60.2% falling
40 Lebanon 1.2% 2024 down 74.4% volatile
41 Bangladesh 1.1% 2024 down 16.2% volatile
42 Mexico 1.0% 2024 up 15.5% falling
43 Japan 0.8% 2024 up 930.6% volatile
44 Italy 0.8% 2023 up 1.3% rising
45 Slovakia 0.8% 2021 up 291.4% volatile
46 Portugal 0.8% 2024 up 729.1% volatile
47 Viet Nam 0.8% 2024 up 63.7% volatile
47 Viet Nam 0.8% 2024 up 63.7% volatile
49 Czechia 0.8% 2024 up 485.9% volatile
50 Ireland 0.7% 2024 down 3.1% falling
51 Brazil 0.7% 2024 down 56.3% volatile
52 Spain 0.7% 2024 up 265.5% volatile
53 Hungary 0.6% 2024 up 109.8% volatile
54 Ghana 0.6% 2024 up 848.7% volatile
55 Belarus 0.6% 2024 up 33.3% volatile
56 Lithuania 0.6% 2022 up 54.2% rising
57 Nigeria 0.6% 2024 down 43.9% volatile
58 Tunisia 0.6% 2024 down 79.5% volatile
59 Latvia 0.6% 2024 down 50.5% volatile
60 Australia 0.5% 2024 down 4.6% falling
61 Austria 0.5% 2024 up 144.2% volatile
62 China 0.5% 2024 down 2.6% falling
63 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 0.5% 2020 down 32.2% falling
63 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 0.5% 2020 down 32.2% falling
65 Australia and New Zealand 0.5% 2024 down 4.4% falling
66 Suriname 0.4% 2024 down 75.1% volatile
67 Romania 0.4% 2024 volatile
68 Belgium 0.4% 2024 down 5.8% rising
69 Finland 0.4% 2024 down 42.9% falling
70 Mauritius 0.4% 2022 up 62.3% volatile
71 Mongolia 0.4% 2024 up 65.8% volatile
72 Germany 0.4% 2023 down 26.2% falling
73 Mauritania 0.4% 2024 down 55.2% falling
74 Switzerland 0.3% 2024 down 3.3% falling
75 Thailand 0.3% 2024 down 27.8% volatile
76 Kyrgyzstan 0.3% 2024 down 97.6% volatile
77 France 0.3% 2024 up 32.0% volatile
78 Slovenia 0.3% 2023 down 11.2% falling
79 Israel 0.3% 2024 down 3.2% rising
80 Oman 0.3% 2024 up 32.9% volatile
81 Costa Rica 0.2% 2023 up 31.6% rising
82 Denmark 0.2% 2026 up 758.6% volatile
83 Türkiye 0.2% 2024 down 70.6% volatile
83 Türkiye 0.2% 2024 down 70.6% volatile
85 Morocco 0.2% 2024 down 47.2% volatile
86 Maldives 0.2% 2024 volatile
87 Chile 0.2% 2024 down 26.3% volatile
88 Mali 0.2% 2024 down 82.7% volatile
89 Sao Tome and Principe 0.2% 2024 down 44.4% volatile
90 Sweden 0.2% 2024 down 53.7% falling
91 Canada 0.2% 2024 down 18.6% falling
92 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.2% 2024 volatile
92 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.2% 2024 volatile
94 Afghanistan 0.2% 2024 up 33.4% volatile
95 Tajikistan 0.1% 2024 down 97.0% volatile
96 Estonia 0.1% 2024 down 54.0% volatile
97 Zimbabwe 0.1% 2024 down 99.0% volatile
98 Jamaica 0.1% 2024 up 32.8% volatile
99 Congo 0.1% 2024 down 97.9% volatile
100 Liberia 0.1% 2024 volatile
101 Haiti 0.1% 2024 down 91.2% volatile
102 Bulgaria 0.1% 2020 up 66.8% rising
103 Paraguay 0.1% 2024 down 19.5% volatile
104 Burkina Faso 0.1% 2024 down 91.9% volatile
105 Jordan 0.1% 2024 down 96.6% volatile
106 Niger 0.1% 2024 volatile
107 Somalia 0.1% 2024 volatile
108 Myanmar 0.1% 2024 volatile
109 Armenia 0.1% 2020 down 70.6% volatile
110 Belize 0.1% 2024 down 95.8% volatile
111 Guinea-Bissau 0.1% 2024 volatile
112 Malta 0.1% 2023 down 4.7% flat
113 Gabon 0.1% 2024 down 93.2% volatile
114 Republic of Korea 0.1% 2024 down 51.1% volatile
114 Republic of Korea 0.1% 2024 down 51.1% volatile
116 Chad 0.1% 2024 volatile
117 Georgia 0.1% 2024 up 24.7% volatile
118 Antigua and Barbuda 0.0% 2024 down 93.6% volatile
119 New Zealand 0.0% 2024 up 551.1% volatile
120 Zambia 0.0% 2024 down 99.7% volatile
121 Madagascar 0.0% 2024 down 96.1% volatile
122 Serbia 0.0% 2024 volatile
123 Cabo Verde 0.0% 2024 down 98.8% volatile
124 Côte d'Ivoire 0.0% 2024 down 98.6% volatile
124 Côte d'Ivoire 0.0% 2024 down 98.6% volatile
126 Botswana 0.0% 2024 down 96.5% volatile
127 Barbados 0.0% 2024 down 79.1% volatile
128 Burundi 0.0% 2024 volatile
129 Nicaragua 0.0% 2024 down 98.6% volatile
130 Guatemala 0.0% 2024 down 97.9% volatile
131 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.0% 2024 volatile
132 Dominica 0.0% 2024 down 70.2% volatile
133 Saint Lucia 0.0% 2024 volatile
134 Equatorial Guinea 0.0% 2024 down 48.8% volatile
135 Guyana 0.0% 2024 down 98.3% volatile
136 Cambodia 0.0% 2024 volatile
137 Philippines 0.0% 2024 volatile
138 Grenada 0.0% 2024 down 96.8% volatile
139 Ethiopia 0.0% 2024 down 98.9% volatile
140 Cameroon 0.0% 2024 down 99.5% volatile
141 Rwanda 0.0% 2024 down 97.5% volatile
142 Honduras 0.0% 2024 down 98.7% volatile
143 United States of America 0.0% 2024 up 39.5% falling
144 Sierra Leone 0.0% 2024 volatile
145 Panama 0.0% 2024 down 98.4% volatile
146 Montenegro 0.0% 2024 volatile
147 Fiji 0.0% 2024 volatile
148 Mozambique 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
149 Guinea 0.0% 2024 volatile
150 Bhutan 0.0% 2024 volatile
151 Malawi 0.0% 2024 down 99.9% volatile
152 Poland 0.0% 2026 down 58.3% falling
153 Eswatini 0.0% 2024 volatile
154 Namibia 0.0% 2024 down 99.9% volatile
155 Nepal 0.0% 2024 volatile
156 Uganda 0.0% 2024 down 99.9% volatile
157 Polynesia 0.0% 2020 down 60.5% falling
158 Melanesia 0.0% 2024 down 96.7% volatile
159 Luxembourg 0.0% 2021 down 99.9% falling
160 Central African Republic 0.0% 2024 volatile
161 Sudan 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
162 Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 Aruba 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Albania 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 Benin 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Bahamas 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 Comoros 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Cyprus 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Djibouti 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 Kenya 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 Lesotho 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 North Macedonia 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Papua New Guinea 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Puerto Rico 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 El Salvador 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Seychelles 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 Togo 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Timor-Leste 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Tonga 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Uruguay 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Vanuatu 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Samoa 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 Yemen 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
163 Timor-Leste 0.0% 2024 volatile
163 United Republic of Tanzania 0.0% 2024 down 100.0% volatile
201 Peru -0.1% 2023 up 8.8% volatile

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

Share, cite or embed this page

Cite this page

Fossil-fuel subsidies (consumption and production) as a proportion of by country. Statizoid, drawing on United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database. Retrieved 07 September 2026, from https://energy.statizoid.com/stat/fossil-fuel-subsidies-consumption-and-production-as-a-proportion-of-total-gdp-percent/

Embed or link this data

Paste this into a page to link back to these figures. The data itself is free to reuse under UN SDG Global Database (open, attribution requested); please keep the attribution.

<a href="https://energy.statizoid.com/stat/fossil-fuel-subsidies-consumption-and-production-as-a-proportion-of-total-gdp-percent/">Fossil-fuel subsidies (consumption and production) as a proportion of by country</a> — Statizoid

About this data

Indicator
Fossil-fuel subsidies (consumption and production) as a proportion of total GDP (%)
Unit
%
Source
United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database
Licence
UN SDG Global Database (open, attribution requested)
Coverage
238 places, 3,361 data points, 2010–2026
Last refreshed