Fossil fuel consumption by country
Measured in terawatt-hours. Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and gas.
Countries reporting
219
Highest
39,443 terawatt-hours
China
Lowest
0 terawatt-hours
Reunion
Median
43.26 terawatt-hours
Years covered
61
1965–2025
Data points
10,754
What the numbers show
Fossil fuel consumption is currently reported for 219 countries. The highest value is 39,443 terawatt-hours in China; the lowest is 0 terawatt-hours in Reunion.
The median across all reporting countries is 43.26 terawatt-hours, and the mean is 719.41 terawatt-hours.
Over the past decade 140 countries rose and 74 fell. The largest increase was in Laos (up 438.0%), and the largest decrease in Netherlands Antilles (down 46.3%).
Fossil fuel consumption: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 39,443 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 27.7% | volatile |
| 2 | United States | 21,677 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 3 | USSR | 13,912 terawatt-hours | 1984 | up 34.8% | rising |
| 4 | India | 10,100 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 39.0% | volatile |
| 5 | Russia | 7,782 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 11.6% | falling |
| 6 | Japan | 3,923 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 20.9% | rising |
| 7 | Iran | 3,656 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 34.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Saudi Arabia | 3,320 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 8.6% | volatile |
| 9 | South Korea | 2,929 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 2.9% | volatile |
| 10 | Indonesia | 2,825 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 54.9% | volatile |
| 11 | Canada | 2,614 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 12 | Germany | 2,367 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 20.6% | falling |
| 13 | Mexico | 2,020 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 14 | Brazil | 1,937 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 7.3% | volatile |
| 15 | Turkey | 1,747 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 28.2% | volatile |
| 16 | Australia | 1,414 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 5.8% | rising |
| 17 | United Kingdom | 1,379 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 25.5% | falling |
| 18 | South Africa | 1,332 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 2.5% | rising |
| 19 | United Arab Emirates | 1,321 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 8.1% | volatile |
| 20 | Italy | 1,299 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 13.5% | rising |
| 21 | Thailand | 1,282 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 2.7% | volatile |
| 22 | Malaysia | 1,282 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 19.9% | volatile |
| 23 | Vietnam | 1,151 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 82.9% | volatile |
| 24 | Taiwan | 1,134 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 6.6% | volatile |
| 25 | France | 1,119 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 20.8% | falling |
| 26 | Spain | 1,074 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 6.2% | rising |
| 27 | Egypt | 1,068 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 28 | Singapore | 1,020 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 9.4% | volatile |
| 29 | Poland | 999.07 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 3.0% | falling |
| 30 | Kazakhstan | 892.83 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 46.3% | rising |
| 31 | Algeria | 795.51 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 28.9% | volatile |
| 32 | Netherlands | 773.56 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 20.5% | rising |
| 33 | Argentina | 771.09 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 9.0% | rising |
| 34 | Pakistan | 715.45 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 1.6% | volatile |
| 35 | Iraq | 696.04 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 46.7% | volatile |
| 36 | Qatar | 616.98 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 3.7% | volatile |
| 37 | Philippines | 578.19 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 50.7% | volatile |
| 38 | Uzbekistan | 574.14 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 25.5% | rising |
| 39 | Bangladesh | 560.54 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 46.8% | volatile |
| 40 | Kuwait | 526.92 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 12.4% | volatile |
| 41 | Nigeria | 507.72 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 42 | Belgium | 495.45 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 9.2% | rising |
| 43 | Venezuela | 489.56 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 36.2% | rising |
| 44 | Ukraine | 478.03 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 36.9% | falling |
| 45 | Oman | 475.52 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 40.9% | volatile |
| 46 | Turkmenistan | 427.75 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 29.0% | rising |
| 47 | Colombia | 403.05 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 48 | Chile | 344.3 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 49 | Czechia | 295.41 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 20.4% | falling |
| 50 | Israel | 271.21 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 0.0% | rising |
| 51 | Hong Kong | 271.21 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 52 | Peru | 268.48 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 28.9% | volatile |
| 53 | Morocco | 264.13 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 26.4% | volatile |
| 54 | Belarus | 260.35 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 55 | Greece | 255.67 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 5.2% | rising |
| 56 | Romania | 253.88 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 8.8% | falling |
| 57 | Libya | 246.24 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 58 | Bahrain | 243.74 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 20.8% | rising |
| 59 | Austria | 229.54 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 11.9% | rising |
| 60 | Azerbaijan | 194.07 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 16.1% | falling |
| 61 | Hungary | 182.89 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 7.8% | falling |
| 62 | North Korea | 176.3 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 41.9% | falling |
| 63 | Sweden | 169.73 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 7.9% | falling |
| 64 | Ecuador | 167.72 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 10.9% | volatile |
| 65 | Portugal | 164.43 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 24.7% | rising |
| 66 | Serbia | 153.28 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 13.5% | flat |
| 67 | Trinidad and Tobago | 150.22 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 32.2% | volatile |
| 68 | Norway | 146.74 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 12.3% | rising |
| 69 | Switzerland | 138.09 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 15.9% | rising |
| 70 | Ireland | 136.04 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 10.0% | rising |
| 71 | Dominican Republic | 135.15 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 62.5% | rising |
| 72 | New Zealand | 129.35 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 17.1% | rising |
| 73 | Myanmar | 129.24 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 34.7% | volatile |
| 74 | Bulgaria | 128.55 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 19.4% | falling |
| 75 | Finland | 123.26 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 31.0% | rising |
| 76 | Tunisia | 119.53 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 11.6% | rising |
| 77 | Syria | 116.26 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 11.0% | rising |
| 78 | Slovakia | 111.5 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 10.8% | falling |
| 79 | Bolivia | 111.19 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 42.3% | volatile |
| 80 | Ghana | 105.96 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 101.3% | volatile |
| 81 | Jordan | 101.85 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 82 | Panama | 95.28 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 83 | Denmark | 94.71 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 34.6% | falling |
| 84 | Angola | 89.1 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 9.2% | volatile |
| 85 | Puerto Rico | 88.07 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.2% | rising |
| 86 | Sri Lanka | 88.01 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 19.0% | volatile |
| 87 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 84.45 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 40.6% | rising |
| 88 | Guatemala | 83.1 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 60.1% | volatile |
| 89 | Cuba | 82.91 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 33.8% | falling |
| 90 | Laos | 81.11 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 438.0% | volatile |
| 91 | Cote d'Ivoire | 80.87 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 75.3% | volatile |
| 92 | Kenya | 80.65 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 35.0% | rising |
| 93 | Croatia | 77.54 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 10.2% | falling |
| 94 | Cambodia | 76.31 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 219.3% | volatile |
| 95 | Tanzania | 75.96 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 74.8% | volatile |
| 96 | Ethiopia | 75.7 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 72.2% | volatile |
| 97 | Mongolia | 73.44 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 54.8% | volatile |
| 98 | Lebanon | 68.97 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 24.4% | rising |
| 99 | Yemen | 61.01 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 37.1% | rising |
| 100 | Zimbabwe | 59.63 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 49.1% | rising |
| 101 | Georgia | 59.46 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 48.8% | rising |
| 102 | Gibraltar | 59.2 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 23.0% | volatile |
| 103 | Brunei | 56.44 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 27.4% | rising |
| 104 | Sudan | 51.92 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 17.7% | volatile |
| 105 | Lithuania | 51.33 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 12.4% | falling |
| 106 | Honduras | 48.35 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 40.1% | volatile |
| 107 | Senegal | 47.77 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 56.1% | volatile |
| 108 | Mozambique | 47.61 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 36.2% | volatile |
| 109 | Slovenia | 43.53 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 110 | Estonia | 43.26 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 31.9% | falling |
| 111 | Nepal | 41.57 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 127.1% | volatile |
| 112 | El Salvador | 39.65 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 49.3% | rising |
| 113 | Armenia | 39.26 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 114 | Costa Rica | 38.06 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 22.1% | rising |
| 115 | Kyrgyzstan | 37.49 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 3.5% | flat |
| 116 | Zambia | 36.73 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 151.6% | volatile |
| 117 | Moldova | 35.3 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 13.7% | flat |
| 118 | Malta | 35.03 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 31.9% | volatile |
| 119 | Tajikistan | 34.89 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 71.9% | rising |
| 120 | Jamaica | 34.79 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 121 | Uruguay | 34.38 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 122 | Afghanistan | 32.76 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 49.4% | volatile |
| 123 | Papua New Guinea | 31.61 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 59.5% | rising |
| 124 | Paraguay | 31.17 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 40.7% | volatile |
| 125 | Luxembourg | 30.8 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 24.6% | flat |
| 126 | Equatorial Guinea | 30.67 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 1.4% | volatile |
| 127 | Cyprus | 30.5 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 128 | Benin | 30.07 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 53.0% | volatile |
| 129 | Cameroon | 29.58 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 130 | Netherlands Antilles | 29.1 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 46.3% | falling |
| 131 | Mali | 28.26 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 141.9% | volatile |
| 132 | Latvia | 26.15 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 23.0% | falling |
| 133 | Uganda | 25.92 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 36.1% | volatile |
| 134 | North Macedonia | 24.9 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 3.8% | falling |
| 135 | Botswana | 23.49 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 33.8% | rising |
| 136 | Congo | 23.32 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 12.7% | volatile |
| 137 | Burkina Faso | 23.1 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 100.1% | volatile |
| 138 | Mauritius | 22.85 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 139 | Nicaragua | 21.31 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 140 | Palestine | 19.65 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 70.0% | rising |
| 141 | Mauritania | 18.91 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 76.6% | volatile |
| 142 | Guinea | 18.84 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 87.9% | volatile |
| 143 | Albania | 16.92 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.8% | falling |
| 144 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 16.65 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 24.1% | flat |
| 145 | Guyana | 16.37 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 100.8% | rising |
| 146 | Madagascar | 15.36 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 147 | Namibia | 14.96 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 148 | Gabon | 14.89 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 20.4% | rising |
| 149 | Bahamas | 13.88 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 12.3% | flat |
| 150 | New Caledonia | 12.95 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 29.0% | rising |
| 151 | Iceland | 12.6 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 15.0% | rising |
| 152 | Niger | 12.59 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 39.0% | volatile |
| 153 | Togo | 11.06 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 55.0% | volatile |
| 154 | United States Virgin Islands | 9.84 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 18.9% | volatile |
| 155 | Montenegro | 9.62 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 22.4% | rising |
| 156 | Fiji | 9.26 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 51.9% | rising |
| 157 | Suriname | 8.92 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.5% | rising |
| 158 | Macao | 7.86 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 159 | Chad | 7.73 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 86.9% | volatile |
| 160 | Maldives | 7.69 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 12.6% | volatile |
| 161 | South Sudan | 7.29 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 11.7% | rising |
| 162 | Rwanda | 7.21 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 84.3% | rising |
| 163 | Haiti | 6.93 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 40.5% | volatile |
| 164 | Malawi | 6.79 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 56.9% | rising |
| 165 | Sierra Leone | 6.75 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 36.0% | rising |
| 166 | Somalia | 6.71 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 97.1% | rising |
| 167 | Barbados | 6.67 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 168 | French Polynesia | 5.48 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 36.1% | rising |
| 169 | Guam | 5.42 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 13.8% | volatile |
| 170 | Eswatini | 5.01 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 37.9% | rising |
| 171 | Aruba | 4.76 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 172 | Bhutan | 4.59 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 105.1% | volatile |
| 173 | Seychelles | 4.03 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 7.5% | rising |
| 174 | Cayman Islands | 3.53 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 44.5% | rising |
| 175 | Burundi | 3.43 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 121.5% | volatile |
| 176 | Lesotho | 3.35 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 27.5% | volatile |
| 177 | Faroe Islands | 3.35 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 21.6% | rising |
| 178 | Belize | 3.17 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 51.1% | rising |
| 179 | Antigua and Barbuda | 3.09 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 180 | Eritrea | 3.08 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 30.4% | falling |
| 181 | Cape Verde | 2.95 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 18.3% | volatile |
| 182 | Liberia | 2.89 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 40.4% | volatile |
| 183 | Djibouti | 2.84 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 25.0% | falling |
| 184 | East Timor | 2.78 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 27.4% | rising |
| 185 | Saint Lucia | 2.64 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 44.2% | volatile |
| 186 | Bermuda | 2.39 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 19.2% | rising |
| 187 | American Samoa | 2.31 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 23.9% | falling |
| 188 | Gambia | 2.3 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 189 | Greenland | 2.17 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 190 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 1.9 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 129.7% | volatile |
| 191 | Central African Republic | 1.76 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 161.2% | rising |
| 192 | Grenada | 1.67 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 47.9% | rising |
| 193 | Comoros | 1.58 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 126.8% | volatile |
| 194 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.52 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 3.8% | rising |
| 195 | Samoa | 1.37 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 21.0% | rising |
| 196 | Vanuatu | 1.33 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 90.2% | volatile |
| 197 | Solomon Islands | 1.33 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 11.8% | rising |
| 198 | Western Sahara | 1.24 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 16.2% | rising |
| 199 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1.16 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 13.5% | volatile |
| 200 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1.12 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 19.3% | volatile |
| 201 | Tonga | 0.9129 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 202 | British Virgin Islands | 0.7842 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 6.0% | volatile |
| 203 | Dominica | 0.7504 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 204 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.7359 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 22.9% | volatile |
| 205 | Micronesia (country) | 0.7021 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4.2% | volatile |
| 206 | Falkland Islands | 0.489 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 181.0% | volatile |
| 207 | Cook Islands | 0.4859 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 208 | Nauru | 0.3777 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 21.0% | falling |
| 209 | Kiribati | 0.3527 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 46.8% | volatile |
| 210 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 0.3018 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 211 | Montserrat | 0.1854 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 13.1% | rising |
| 212 | Antarctica | 0.0508 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 9.2% | volatile |
| 213 | Saint Helena | 0.0443 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 214 | Niue | 0.0344 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 17.2% | rising |
| 215 | Tuvalu | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 215 | French Guiana | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 215 | Guadeloupe | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 215 | Martinique | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 215 | Reunion | 0 terawatt-hours | 2024 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
About this data
Measured in terawatt-hours. Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and gas.