Primary direct energy consumption by source by country
Energy consumption is measured in terawatt-hours, in terms of direct primary energy. This means that fossil fuels include the energy lost due to inefficiencies in energy production.
Countries reporting
77
Highest
9,949 terawatt-hours
United States
Lowest
11.35 terawatt-hours
Iceland
Median
192.42 terawatt-hours
Years covered
60
1965–2024
Data points
4,605
What the numbers show
Primary direct energy consumption by source is currently reported for 77 countries. The highest value is 9,949 terawatt-hours in United States; the lowest is 11.35 terawatt-hours in Iceland.
The median across all reporting countries is 192.42 terawatt-hours, and the mean is 676.23 terawatt-hours.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 877.
Over the past decade 48 countries rose and 29 fell. The largest increase was in Bangladesh (up 109.3%), and the largest decrease in Venezuela (down 58.0%).
Primary direct energy consumption by source: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 9,949 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 2 | China | 8,964 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 45.9% | volatile |
| 3 | India | 3,029 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 42.5% | volatile |
| 4 | Russia | 2,129 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 13.5% | falling |
| 5 | Saudi Arabia | 2,048 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4.7% | volatile |
| 6 | Japan | 1,783 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 26.4% | falling |
| 7 | South Korea | 1,540 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 15.8% | volatile |
| 8 | Brazil | 1,428 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 7.3% | rising |
| 9 | Canada | 1,209 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.2% | rising |
| 10 | Germany | 1,177 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 9.4% | falling |
| 11 | Iran | 1,045 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 5.3% | volatile |
| 12 | Mexico | 1,001 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 10.8% | rising |
| 13 | Singapore | 914.61 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 22.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Indonesia | 878.98 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 2.0% | volatile |
| 15 | France | 775.67 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 12.8% | falling |
| 16 | United Kingdom | 744.16 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 11.3% | falling |
| 17 | Spain | 740.84 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 18 | Italy | 712.73 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 1.8% | falling |
| 19 | Thailand | 659.75 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 11.7% | volatile |
| 20 | Turkey | 658.29 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 55.5% | volatile |
| 21 | United Arab Emirates | 636.58 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 34.7% | volatile |
| 22 | Australia | 620.48 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 23 | Iraq | 534.5 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 35.6% | volatile |
| 24 | Malaysia | 499.9 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 16.4% | volatile |
| 25 | Taiwan | 447.92 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 16.9% | volatile |
| 26 | Egypt | 440.12 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 3.3% | rising |
| 27 | Netherlands | 433 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 16.5% | rising |
| 28 | Poland | 393.97 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 42.0% | rising |
| 29 | Vietnam | 388.97 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 81.1% | volatile |
| 30 | Argentina | 339.03 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 13.7% | rising |
| 31 | Belgium | 326.75 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 32 | Kuwait | 277.07 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 8.2% | volatile |
| 33 | South Africa | 267.99 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 15.2% | rising |
| 34 | Philippines | 267.58 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 41.0% | rising |
| 35 | Colombia | 252.61 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 26.5% | rising |
| 36 | Algeria | 250.97 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 13.1% | volatile |
| 37 | Chile | 238.2 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 23.1% | volatile |
| 38 | Pakistan | 229.71 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 14.8% | volatile |
| 39 | Kazakhstan | 192.42 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 14.8% | falling |
| 40 | Venezuela | 190.15 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 58.0% | rising |
| 41 | Qatar | 183.43 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 34.6% | volatile |
| 42 | Hong Kong | 180.94 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 8.7% | volatile |
| 43 | Greece | 173.31 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 44 | Morocco | 168.34 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 13.2% | volatile |
| 45 | Ecuador | 163.27 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 11.0% | volatile |
| 46 | Bangladesh | 160.47 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 109.3% | volatile |
| 47 | Peru | 150.32 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 30.8% | rising |
| 48 | Romania | 137.64 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 33.9% | falling |
| 49 | Sweden | 135.91 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 12.7% | falling |
| 50 | Austria | 131.88 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 6.7% | rising |
| 51 | Oman | 123.51 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 20.6% | volatile |
| 52 | Portugal | 122.72 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.0% | rising |
| 53 | Israel | 114.59 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 54 | Czechia | 112.91 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 55 | Ukraine | 110.54 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 17.3% | volatile |
| 56 | Norway | 107.62 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.8% | rising |
| 57 | Switzerland | 107.36 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 16.4% | falling |
| 58 | Hungary | 95.42 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 21.7% | falling |
| 59 | Belarus | 92.52 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 0.6% | volatile |
| 60 | Denmark | 90.35 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 3.4% | falling |
| 61 | New Zealand | 89.66 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 62 | Finland | 86.69 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 19.8% | falling |
| 63 | Turkmenistan | 85.91 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 65 | Azerbaijan | 70.99 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 29.4% | falling |
| 66 | Uzbekistan | 66.61 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 46.2% | falling |
| 67 | Sri Lanka | 64.83 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 4.8% | volatile |
| 68 | Bulgaria | 61.19 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 28.3% | falling |
| 69 | Slovakia | 48.97 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 26.5% | falling |
| 70 | Croatia | 47.04 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 24.9% | falling |
| 71 | Lithuania | 37.4 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 26.7% | falling |
| 72 | Cyprus | 29.39 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 74 | Slovenia | 25.94 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 75 | Trinidad and Tobago | 19.09 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 19.5% | falling |
| 76 | Latvia | 18.54 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 77 | Estonia | 15.27 terawatt-hours | 2024 | down 12.3% | falling |
| 78 | North Macedonia | 13.99 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 31.5% | rising |
| 79 | Iceland | 11.35 terawatt-hours | 2024 | up 25.8% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
About this data
Energy consumption is measured in terawatt-hours, in terms of direct primary energy. This means that fossil fuels include the energy lost due to inefficiencies in energy production.