Annual change in primary energy from fossil fuels by country
Change in total energy supply relative to the previous year, measured in terawatt-hours.
Countries reporting
72
Highest
440.81 terawatt-hours
United States
Lowest
-81.85 terawatt-hours
Japan
Median
0.1376 terawatt-hours
Years covered
60
1966–2025
Data points
3,835
What the numbers show
Annual change in primary energy from fossil fuels is currently reported for 72 countries. The highest value is 440.81 terawatt-hours in United States; the lowest is -81.85 terawatt-hours in Japan.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.1376 terawatt-hours, and the mean is 15.7 terawatt-hours.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 5.
Over the past decade 32 countries rose and 40 fell. The largest increase was in Canada (up 1,128.5%), and the largest decrease in New Zealand (down 1,111.9%).
Annual change in primary energy from fossil fuels: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 440.81 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 262.8% | volatile |
| 2 | China | 315.07 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 473.0% | volatile |
| 3 | Indonesia | 165.67 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 220.2% | volatile |
| 4 | Turkey | 84.85 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 62.0% | volatile |
| 5 | Bangladesh | 52.63 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 19.8% | volatile |
| 6 | Kazakhstan | 52.56 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 138.6% | volatile |
| 7 | Saudi Arabia | 51.87 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 58.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Turkmenistan | 48.62 terawatt-hours | 1996 | up 38.9% | volatile |
| 9 | United Arab Emirates | 44.93 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 48.9% | volatile |
| 10 | Canada | 37.96 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,128.5% | volatile |
| 11 | Iran | 31.82 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 269.7% | volatile |
| 12 | Vietnam | 30.28 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 61.7% | volatile |
| 13 | Brazil | 29.32 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 147.5% | volatile |
| 14 | Ukraine | 27.02 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 114.0% | volatile |
| 15 | Spain | 26.39 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 53.3% | volatile |
| 16 | Oman | 25.54 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 19.1% | volatile |
| 17 | Poland | 24.89 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 238.9% | volatile |
| 18 | Malaysia | 19.4 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 34.8% | volatile |
| 19 | Egypt | 18.22 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 67.2% | volatile |
| 20 | Algeria | 14.76 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 53.9% | volatile |
| 21 | Uzbekistan | 13.06 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 174.9% | volatile |
| 22 | Morocco | 12.68 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 689.9% | volatile |
| 23 | Chile | 9.5 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 475.5% | volatile |
| 24 | Taiwan | 6.62 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 52.7% | volatile |
| 25 | Kuwait | 5.47 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 82.6% | volatile |
| 26 | Croatia | 4.5 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 162.7% | volatile |
| 27 | Belgium | 4.46 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 79.9% | volatile |
| 28 | Portugal | 4.14 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 75.2% | volatile |
| 29 | Greece | 3.87 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 217.4% | volatile |
| 30 | Bulgaria | 3.69 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 65.2% | volatile |
| 31 | Czechia | 3.61 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 354.2% | volatile |
| 32 | Norway | 2.25 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 243.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Austria | 2.05 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 77.2% | volatile |
| 36 | Slovakia | 0.8492 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 74.5% | volatile |
| 37 | North Macedonia | 0.7707 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 267.3% | volatile |
| 38 | Peru | 0.4323 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 95.1% | volatile |
| 39 | Latvia | -0.1571 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 115.3% | volatile |
| 40 | Sweden | -0.3477 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 95.7% | volatile |
| 41 | Switzerland | -0.7739 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 125.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Netherlands | -0.8745 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 115.2% | volatile |
| 43 | Slovenia | -1.27 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 950.2% | volatile |
| 44 | Luxembourg | -1.39 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 5.7% | volatile |
| 45 | Pakistan | -1.5 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 103.6% | volatile |
| 46 | Hungary | -1.51 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 112.1% | volatile |
| 47 | Ecuador | -1.87 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 61.1% | volatile |
| 48 | Finland | -2.65 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 75.1% | volatile |
| 49 | Estonia | -3.1 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 47.8% | volatile |
| 50 | Ireland | -3.36 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 161.8% | volatile |
| 51 | Azerbaijan | -4.42 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 132.4% | volatile |
| 52 | Lithuania | -4.46 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 286.7% | volatile |
| 53 | Romania | -4.93 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 605.7% | volatile |
| 54 | New Zealand | -5.97 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 1,111.9% | volatile |
| 55 | Germany | -7.15 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 139.8% | volatile |
| 56 | Venezuela | -8.38 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 69.4% | volatile |
| 57 | Belarus | -8.72 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 68.8% | volatile |
| 58 | Israel | -9.12 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 167.9% | volatile |
| 59 | Denmark | -9.62 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 28.2% | volatile |
| 60 | Trinidad and Tobago | -11.32 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 57.2% | volatile |
| 61 | Argentina | -11.72 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 269.2% | volatile |
| 62 | Qatar | -12.68 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 116.2% | volatile |
| 64 | South Africa | -14.19 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 423.5% | volatile |
| 65 | Philippines | -16.26 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 145.4% | volatile |
| 66 | Australia | -17.94 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 164.2% | volatile |
| 67 | Italy | -18.53 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 137.2% | volatile |
| 68 | United Kingdom | -18.98 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 50.5% | volatile |
| 69 | India | -22.46 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 108.9% | volatile |
| 70 | France | -23.37 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 164.9% | volatile |
| 71 | Thailand | -27.12 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 235.1% | volatile |
| 72 | Colombia | -37.26 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 555.4% | volatile |
| 73 | South Korea | -43.99 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 273.3% | volatile |
| 74 | Russia | -51.19 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 64.8% | volatile |
| 75 | Japan | -81.85 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 33.8% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
About this data
Change in total energy supply relative to the previous year, measured in terawatt-hours.