Net energy embedded in traded goods by country

Net energy embedded in traded goods is the difference in energy embedded in exported goods, and imported goods. A positive value means that a country is a net importer; a negative means it's a net exporter. Measured in terawatt-hours.

Countries reporting
40
Highest
3,517 terawatt-hours
United States
Lowest
-2,438 terawatt-hours
Russia
Median
2.42 terawatt-hours
Years covered
26
1995–2020
Data points
1,113

What the numbers show

Net energy embedded in traded goods is currently reported for 40 countries. The highest value is 3,517 terawatt-hours in United States; the lowest is -2,438 terawatt-hours in Russia.

The median across all reporting countries is 2.42 terawatt-hours, and the mean is -1.92 terawatt-hours.

Over the past decade 14 countries rose and 26 fell. The largest increase was in Estonia (up 156.9%), and the largest decrease in Mexico (down 682.7%).

Net energy embedded in traded goods: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 United States 3,517 terawatt-hours 2020 up 43.7% rising
2 United Kingdom 641.84 terawatt-hours 2020 up 6.3% rising
3 Germany 616.65 terawatt-hours 2020 up 25.3% falling
4 France 502.87 terawatt-hours 2020 up 8.7% rising
5 Italy 412.35 terawatt-hours 2020 down 32.2% falling
6 Switzerland 186.66 terawatt-hours 2020 down 4.3% rising
7 Japan 165.95 terawatt-hours 2019 down 45.4% volatile
8 Turkey 164.6 terawatt-hours 2020 down 41.5% rising
9 Belgium 163.63 terawatt-hours 2020 up 40.7% volatile
11 Austria 91.67 terawatt-hours 2020 up 7.3% falling
12 Denmark 73.5 terawatt-hours 2020 up 33.7% falling
13 Netherlands 66.17 terawatt-hours 2020 up 135.8% volatile
14 Spain 47.05 terawatt-hours 2020 down 75.1% volatile
15 Romania 34.49 terawatt-hours 2020 up 12.2% volatile
17 Portugal 21.95 terawatt-hours 2020 down 65.1% falling
19 Croatia 12.41 terawatt-hours 2020 up 13.3% volatile
20 Norway 11.71 terawatt-hours 2020 down 60.8% volatile
21 Slovenia 7.16 terawatt-hours 2020 down 43.3% volatile
22 Latvia 4.93 terawatt-hours 2020 down 54.6% volatile
23 Estonia 3.05 terawatt-hours 2020 up 156.9% volatile
24 Sweden 1.79 terawatt-hours 2020 down 93.0% volatile
25 Slovakia 0.5785 terawatt-hours 2020 down 97.6% volatile
26 Lithuania -0.8144 terawatt-hours 2020 down 110.3% volatile
27 Poland -1.59 terawatt-hours 2020 down 103.1% volatile
28 Cyprus -7.21 terawatt-hours 2020 down 149.7% volatile
29 Hungary -9.24 terawatt-hours 2020 down 153.4% volatile
30 Czechia -19.23 terawatt-hours 2020 up 2.0% volatile
31 Greece -24.6 terawatt-hours 2020 down 132.1% volatile
32 Finland -30.99 terawatt-hours 2020 down 369.0% volatile
33 Australia -38.77 terawatt-hours 2020 down 115.6% volatile
34 Bulgaria -58.08 terawatt-hours 2020 down 137.7% volatile
35 Indonesia -65.4 terawatt-hours 2020 down 303.3% volatile
36 Brazil -129.38 terawatt-hours 2020 down 191.8% volatile
37 India -180.09 terawatt-hours 2020 down 11.9% falling
38 Mexico -286.72 terawatt-hours 2020 down 682.7% volatile
39 South Korea -339.83 terawatt-hours 2020 up 25.0% volatile
40 Canada -399.99 terawatt-hours 2020 down 239.4% falling
41 South Africa -574.2 terawatt-hours 2020 down 72.2% falling
42 China -2,221 terawatt-hours 2020 up 32.1% falling
43 Russia -2,438 terawatt-hours 2020 down 27.7% flat

About this data

Indicator
Net energy embedded in traded goods
Unit
terawatt-hours
Source
Kulionis (2021) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
43 places, 1,113 data points, 1995–2020
Last refreshed

Net energy embedded in traded goods is the difference in energy embedded in exported goods, and imported goods. A positive value means that a country is a net importer; a negative means it's a net exporter. Measured in terawatt-hours.