Primary energy use, per square kilometre by country
Primary energy use divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
202
Highest
1.35 terawatt-hours per square kilometre
Singapore
Lowest
0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre
Central African Republic
Median
0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre
Years covered
59
1965–2023
Data points
9,376
What the numbers show
Primary energy use, per square kilometre is currently reported for 202 countries. The highest value is 1.35 terawatt-hours per square kilometre in Singapore; the lowest is 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre in Central African Republic.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre, and the mean is 0.0155 terawatt-hours per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 151 countries rose and 51 fell. The largest increase was in Lao People's Democratic Republic (up 317.9%), and the largest decrease in Ukraine (down 54.4%).
Primary energy use, per square kilometre: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 1.35 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.7% | volatile |
| 2 | Macau, China | 0.3989 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 3 | Bahrain | 0.3023 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 4 | Hong Kong, China | 0.2389 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.8% | volatile |
| 5 | Malta | 0.1261 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 54.7% | volatile |
| 6 | Qatar | 0.0531 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.5% | volatile |
| 7 | Bermuda | 0.0441 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 8 | Republic of Korea | 0.0367 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.032 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 28.3% | volatile |
| 10 | Kuwait | 0.0282 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.9% | volatile |
| 11 | United States Virgin Islands | 0.0278 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 63.3% | volatile |
| 12 | Aruba | 0.0271 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 13 | Netherlands | 0.0255 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.2% | rising |
| 14 | Maldives | 0.0253 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.7% | volatile |
| 15 | Belgium | 0.0207 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 16 | United Arab Emirates | 0.0195 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.1% | volatile |
| 17 | Naoero | 0.0171 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.2% | falling |
| 18 | Barbados | 0.0156 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.5% | rising |
| 19 | Cayman Islands | 0.0146 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 46.4% | rising |
| 20 | Luxembourg | 0.0141 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.7% | falling |
| 21 | Israel | 0.0135 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 22 | Japan | 0.0128 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.6% | rising |
| 23 | Mauritius | 0.0113 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.1% | volatile |
| 24 | Guam | 0.0103 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.9% | volatile |
| 25 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.01 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.2% | rising |
| 26 | Puerto Rico | 0.0099 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.0% | rising |
| 27 | American Samoa | 0.0094 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.4% | falling |
| 28 | Seychelles | 0.0086 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 29 | Germany | 0.0081 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 24.5% | flat |
| 30 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 0.0074 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 31 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.007 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 32 | Lebanon | 0.0069 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.2% | rising |
| 33 | Switzerland | 0.0066 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.4% | rising |
| 34 | Czechia | 0.0055 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.8% | flat |
| 35 | British Virgin Islands | 0.0053 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.0% | volatile |
| 36 | Italy | 0.0052 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.4% | rising |
| 37 | Grenada | 0.0047 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.3% | rising |
| 38 | China | 0.0046 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.6% | volatile |
| 39 | Palestine, State of | 0.0044 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 75.1% | rising |
| 40 | France | 0.0044 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.0% | rising |
| 41 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.0044 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.8% | volatile |
| 42 | Saint Lucia | 0.0043 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 43.3% | volatile |
| 43 | Bangladesh | 0.004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 71.0% | volatile |
| 44 | Malaysia | 0.0039 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.4% | volatile |
| 45 | Slovakia | 0.0039 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.2% | falling |
| 46 | Viet Nam | 0.0037 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 112.5% | volatile |
| 47 | Denmark | 0.0037 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.8% | falling |
| 48 | Austria | 0.0037 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.5% | rising |
| 49 | Poland | 0.0035 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.0% | flat |
| 50 | India | 0.0035 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.4% | volatile |
| 51 | Jamaica | 0.0034 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 52 | Slovenia | 0.0033 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.0% | rising |
| 53 | Cyprus | 0.0033 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 54 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0029 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.5% | volatile |
| 55 | United States of America | 0.0028 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 56 | Spain | 0.0028 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.8% | rising |
| 57 | Hungary | 0.0028 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 58 | Dominican Republic | 0.0027 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.7% | rising |
| 59 | Thailand | 0.0027 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.7% | volatile |
| 60 | Faroe Islands | 0.0026 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 61 | Azerbaijan | 0.0026 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 41.4% | rising |
| 62 | Türkiye | 0.0024 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 41.7% | volatile |
| 63 | Portugal | 0.0024 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.0% | rising |
| 64 | El Salvador | 0.0024 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 59.5% | rising |
| 65 | Philippines | 0.0023 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 57.8% | volatile |
| 66 | Ireland | 0.0023 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 67 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 0.0022 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 35.5% | volatile |
| 68 | Serbia | 0.0021 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.2% | flat |
| 69 | Greece | 0.0021 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 70 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 146.2% | volatile |
| 71 | Bulgaria | 0.0018 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.1% | falling |
| 72 | Armenia | 0.0017 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.7% | rising |
| 73 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.0017 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.9% | rising |
| 74 | French Polynesia | 0.0016 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.5% | rising |
| 75 | Croatia | 0.0016 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.8% | flat |
| 76 | Iraq | 0.0016 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 38.2% | volatile |
| 77 | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 0.0015 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.5% | falling |
| 78 | Belarus | 0.0015 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 79 | Indonesia | 0.0015 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.4% | volatile |
| 80 | Saudi Arabia | 0.0015 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 81 | Panama | 0.0014 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 82 | Oman | 0.0014 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.3% | volatile |
| 83 | Sri Lanka | 0.0014 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.2% | volatile |
| 84 | Romania | 0.0014 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.7% | falling |
| 85 | Bahamas | 0.0014 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.2% | flat |
| 86 | Uzbekistan | 0.0013 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.9% | flat |
| 87 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.0013 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.9% | volatile |
| 88 | Estonia | 0.0013 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.7% | flat |
| 89 | Jordan | 0.0012 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 90 | Tonga | 0.0012 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 91 | North Macedonia | 0.0012 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | falling |
| 92 | Mexico | 0.0011 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 93 | Sweden | 0.0011 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.0% | rising |
| 94 | South Africa | 0.0011 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 95 | Pakistan | 0.0011 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.2% | volatile |
| 96 | Ukraine | 0.0011 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 54.4% | falling |
| 97 | Egypt | 0.0011 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.3% | volatile |
| 98 | Dominica | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.2% | rising |
| 99 | New Caledonia | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 100 | Lithuania | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.1% | falling |
| 101 | Costa Rica | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.1% | rising |
| 102 | Finland | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.6% | rising |
| 103 | Micronesia, Federated States of | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 104 | Georgia | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 44.4% | rising |
| 105 | Republic of Moldova | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 28.2% | flat |
| 106 | New Zealand | 0.001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 107 | Turkmenistan | 0.0009 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 59.1% | rising |
| 108 | Guatemala | 0.0009 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 62.6% | volatile |
| 109 | Albania | 0.0009 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 110 | Montenegro | 0.0009 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.7% | falling |
| 111 | Iceland | 0.0009 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.7% | volatile |
| 112 | Norway | 0.0009 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 113 | Cuba | 0.0008 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.3% | falling |
| 114 | Comoros | 0.0008 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 91.5% | volatile |
| 115 | Tunisia | 0.0008 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.8% | rising |
| 116 | Ecuador | 0.0008 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.1% | volatile |
| 117 | Cape Verde | 0.0007 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.5% | volatile |
| 118 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.0007 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 119 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 0.0007 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 35.7% | rising |
| 120 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.0006 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.3% | rising |
| 121 | Morocco | 0.0006 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.1% | volatile |
| 122 | Chile | 0.0006 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.8% | volatile |
| 123 | Nigeria | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.3% | rising |
| 124 | Fiji | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 65.6% | rising |
| 125 | Latvia | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.0% | falling |
| 126 | Russian Federation | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 127 | Honduras | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 56.3% | volatile |
| 128 | Samoa | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.9% | rising |
| 129 | Ghana | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 79.0% | volatile |
| 130 | Colombia | 0.0005 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.2% | rising |
| 131 | Cambodia | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 187.3% | volatile |
| 132 | Bhutan | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 256.4% | volatile |
| 133 | Eswatini | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.5% | rising |
| 134 | Kiribati | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.3% | volatile |
| 135 | Canada | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.1% | rising |
| 136 | Tajikistan | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 59.5% | rising |
| 137 | Brazil | 0.0004 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.4% | volatile |
| 138 | Nepal | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 130.0% | volatile |
| 139 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 317.9% | volatile |
| 140 | Argentina | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 141 | Rwanda | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 93.2% | rising |
| 142 | Algeria | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.2% | volatile |
| 143 | Kazakhstan | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 144 | Uruguay | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 145 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.9% | rising |
| 146 | Benin | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 57.5% | volatile |
| 147 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 85.6% | rising |
| 148 | Haiti | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.0% | rising |
| 149 | Senegal | 0.0003 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 75.7% | volatile |
| 150 | Togo | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.3% | volatile |
| 151 | Peru | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.1% | volatile |
| 152 | Gambia | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.2% | rising |
| 153 | Nicaragua | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 154 | Myanmar | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.0% | volatile |
| 155 | Australia | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 156 | Timor-Leste | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 41.4% | rising |
| 157 | Belize | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.9% | rising |
| 158 | Uganda | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 63.1% | volatile |
| 159 | Kenya | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.3% | rising |
| 160 | Burundi | 0.0002 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 98.8% | volatile |
| 161 | Djibouti | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.2% | falling |
| 162 | Lesotho | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.7% | volatile |
| 163 | Zimbabwe | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.6% | flat |
| 164 | Libya | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.7% | rising |
| 165 | Paraguay | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.1% | volatile |
| 166 | Yemen | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 43.0% | rising |
| 167 | Vanuatu | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 104.3% | rising |
| 168 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.8% | volatile |
| 169 | Sierra Leone | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.6% | rising |
| 170 | Burkina Faso | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 88.7% | volatile |
| 171 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 70.8% | volatile |
| 172 | Guinea | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 114.0% | volatile |
| 173 | Malawi | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.6% | rising |
| 174 | Angola | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.8% | volatile |
| 175 | Ethiopia | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 92.3% | volatile |
| 176 | Guyana | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 85.6% | rising |
| 177 | Mozambique | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.9% | volatile |
| 178 | Cameroon | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 179 | Congo | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.6% | volatile |
| 180 | Zambia | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 103.3% | rising |
| 181 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.4% | rising |
| 182 | Gabon | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.5% | rising |
| 183 | Afghanistan | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.4% | volatile |
| 184 | Suriname | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.3% | rising |
| 185 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0001 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 186 | Mongolia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.9% | volatile |
| 187 | Solomon Islands | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.7% | rising |
| 188 | Botswana | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.7% | rising |
| 189 | Sudan | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.5% | rising |
| 190 | Liberia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.2% | volatile |
| 191 | Madagascar | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.2% | rising |
| 192 | Eritrea | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.0% | falling |
| 193 | Mali | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 133.0% | volatile |
| 194 | Namibia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 195 | Mauritania | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 107.3% | volatile |
| 196 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.6% | rising |
| 197 | Niger | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 43.3% | volatile |
| 198 | South Sudan | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 199 | Somalia | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 94.3% | flat |
| 200 | Greenland | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 201 | Chad | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 89.2% | volatile |
| 202 | Central African Republic | 0 terawatt-hours per square kilometre | 2023 | up 141.0% | rising |
How this figure is calculated
Primary energy use divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Primary energy use ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Primary energy use Energy Institute - Statistical Review of World Energy (2026); Smil (2017); U.S. Energy Information Administration (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Primary energy use divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.