Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP in Upper middle income

Upper middle income: Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP was 105.1 constant 2021 PPP in 2023. ▼ Falling

Latest (2023)
105.1 constant 2021 PPP
Change on year
up 0.4%
Rank
10th
of 47 groups
All-time high
168.51 constant 2021 PPP
in 1990
All-time low
104.64 constant 2021 PPP
in 2022
Years of data
34
1990–2023

Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP in Upper middle income, 1990–2023

0501001501990200620231990: 168.5 constant 2021 PPP1991: 165.5 constant 2021 PPP1992: 160.4 constant 2021 PPP1993: 157.1 constant 2021 PPP1994: 154.1 constant 2021 PPP1995: 155.3 constant 2021 PPP1996: 149.5 constant 2021 PPP1997: 144.4 constant 2021 PPP1998: 141.7 constant 2021 PPP1999: 139.8 constant 2021 PPP2000: 134.8 constant 2021 PPP2001: 133.1 constant 2021 PPP2002: 132.8 constant 2021 PPP2003: 136.8 constant 2021 PPP2004: 139.1 constant 2021 PPP2005: 138.6 constant 2021 PPP2006: 136.3 constant 2021 PPP2007: 132.5 constant 2021 PPP2008: 129.2 constant 2021 PPP2009: 129.4 constant 2021 PPP2010: 129.1 constant 2021 PPP2011: 127.5 constant 2021 PPP2012: 124.7 constant 2021 PPP2013: 121.9 constant 2021 PPP2014: 119 constant 2021 PPP2015: 113.6 constant 2021 PPP2016: 109.6 constant 2021 PPP2017: 107.6 constant 2021 PPP2018: 106.6 constant 2021 PPP2019: 106.3 constant 2021 PPP2020: 107.7 constant 2021 PPP2021: 106.8 constant 2021 PPP2022: 104.6 constant 2021 PPP2023: 105.1 constant 2021 PPP

Source: IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA). Measured in constant 2021 PPP.

Analysis

In 2023, energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp in Upper middle income stood at 105.1 constant 2021 PPP.

The figure is up 0.4% on the previous year and down 13.8% over ten years.

Over the whole period, energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp in Upper middle income peaked at 168.51 constant 2021 PPP in 1990 and was at its lowest, 104.64 constant 2021 PPP, in 2022.

Upper middle income ranks 10th of 47 groups on this measure, in the top quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 34 years of available data.

Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP in Upper middle income, year by year

Annual values for Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2021 PPP) in Upper middle income, 1990 to 2023.
Year constant 2021 PPP Change
1990 168.51 constant 2021 PPP
1991 165.46 constant 2021 PPP -1.8%
1992 160.42 constant 2021 PPP -3.0%
1993 157.07 constant 2021 PPP -2.1%
1994 154.06 constant 2021 PPP -1.9%
1995 155.33 constant 2021 PPP +0.8%
1996 149.53 constant 2021 PPP -3.7%
1997 144.39 constant 2021 PPP -3.4%
1998 141.7 constant 2021 PPP -1.9%
1999 139.81 constant 2021 PPP -1.3%
2000 134.78 constant 2021 PPP -3.6%
2001 133.09 constant 2021 PPP -1.3%
2002 132.75 constant 2021 PPP -0.3%
2003 136.77 constant 2021 PPP +3.0%
2004 139.12 constant 2021 PPP +1.7%
2005 138.58 constant 2021 PPP -0.4%
2006 136.27 constant 2021 PPP -1.7%
2007 132.53 constant 2021 PPP -2.7%
2008 129.19 constant 2021 PPP -2.5%
2009 129.37 constant 2021 PPP +0.1%
2010 129.13 constant 2021 PPP -0.2%
2011 127.47 constant 2021 PPP -1.3%
2012 124.67 constant 2021 PPP -2.2%
2013 121.86 constant 2021 PPP -2.2%
2014 118.96 constant 2021 PPP -2.4%
2015 113.65 constant 2021 PPP -4.5%
2016 109.61 constant 2021 PPP -3.5%
2017 107.58 constant 2021 PPP -1.9%
2018 106.62 constant 2021 PPP -0.9%
2019 106.33 constant 2021 PPP -0.3%
2020 107.72 constant 2021 PPP +1.3%
2021 106.75 constant 2021 PPP -0.9%
2022 104.64 constant 2021 PPP -2.0%
2023 105.1 constant 2021 PPP +0.4%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1990s 153.63 constant 2021 PPP 139.81 constant 2021 PPP 168.51 constant 2021 PPP 10
2000s 134.25 constant 2021 PPP 129.19 constant 2021 PPP 139.12 constant 2021 PPP 10
2010s 116.59 constant 2021 PPP 106.33 constant 2021 PPP 129.13 constant 2021 PPP 10
2020s 106.05 constant 2021 PPP 104.64 constant 2021 PPP 107.72 constant 2021 PPP 4

Countries ranked near Upper middle income

  1. 7 Libya 213.37 constant 2021 PPP compare
  2. 8 Iran, Islamic Republic of 199.42 constant 2021 PPP compare
  3. 9 Kuwait 187.32 constant 2021 PPP compare
  4. 10 Madagascar 186.81 constant 2021 PPP compare
  5. 11 Bahrain 181.8 constant 2021 PPP compare
  6. 12 Uganda 178.21 constant 2021 PPP compare
  7. 13 Sudan 170.7 constant 2021 PPP compare

See the full ranking of 215 places →

More energy & mining data for Upper middle income

All data for Upper middle income →

Frequently asked questions

What is energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp in Upper middle income?
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp in Upper middle income was 105.1 constant 2021 PPP in 2023, according to IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA).
What is the highest energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp recorded in Upper middle income?
The highest recorded value was 168.51 constant 2021 PPP in 1990.
What is the lowest energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp recorded in Upper middle income?
The lowest recorded value was 104.64 constant 2021 PPP in 2022.
How does Upper middle income rank for energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp?
Upper middle income ranks 10th out of 47 groups with data for 2023.
Is energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 gdp rising or falling in Upper middle income?
Over the last ten years it is down 13.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
Where does this Upper middle income data come from?
The figures come from IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), published as part of Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2021 PPP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP in Upper middle income. Statizoid, drawing on IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA). Retrieved 11 September 2026, from https://energy.statizoid.com/stat/energy-use-kg-of-oil-equivalent-per-1-000-gdp-constant-2021-ppp/upper-middle-income/

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About this data

Indicator
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2021 PPP)
Unit
constant 2021 PPP
Source
IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA)
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
215 places, 6,438 data points, 1990–2024
Last refreshed

Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2021 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.