Year-to-year change in primary energy use by source by country
Change in total energy supply relative to the previous year, measured in terawatt-hours.
Countries reporting
77
Highest
334.2 terawatt-hours
China
Lowest
-0.8111 terawatt-hours
Greece
Median
0.9624 terawatt-hours
Years covered
60
1966–2025
Data points
4,604
What the numbers show
Year-to-year change in primary energy use by source is currently reported for 77 countries. The highest value is 334.2 terawatt-hours in China; the lowest is -0.8111 terawatt-hours in Greece.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.9624 terawatt-hours, and the mean is 8.26 terawatt-hours.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 412.
Over the past decade 61 countries rose and 8 fell. The largest increase was in Iraq (up 3,964,780.0%), and the largest decrease in Kuwait (down 3,695.1%).
Year-to-year change in primary energy use by source: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 334.2 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,992.9% | volatile |
| 2 | United States | 85.93 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 741.6% | volatile |
| 3 | India | 31.5 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,342.6% | volatile |
| 4 | Brazil | 17.35 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 40,407.0% | volatile |
| 5 | Pakistan | 16.78 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 11,575.9% | volatile |
| 6 | Germany | 15.71 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 497.9% | volatile |
| 7 | Japan | 14 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 27.3% | volatile |
| 8 | Turkey | 13.41 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 7,486.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Italy | 10.39 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,534.6% | volatile |
| 10 | Saudi Arabia | 8.71 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 11 | France | 8.14 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 502.9% | volatile |
| 12 | Australia | 6.53 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 425.3% | volatile |
| 13 | Spain | 6.24 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 3,266.3% | volatile |
| 14 | Poland | 6.03 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 11,952.6% | volatile |
| 15 | United Kingdom | 5.36 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 54.1% | volatile |
| 16 | United Arab Emirates | 3.77 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 40,516.5% | volatile |
| 17 | Netherlands | 3.7 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,042.2% | volatile |
| 18 | Uzbekistan | 3.4 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 19 | Israel | 3.17 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 743.2% | volatile |
| 20 | Egypt | 3.08 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 3,258.9% | volatile |
| 21 | Oman | 2.64 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 105,361.0% | volatile |
| 22 | Austria | 2.31 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,418.0% | volatile |
| 23 | Switzerland | 2.12 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 667.1% | volatile |
| 24 | Chile | 1.93 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 114.5% | volatile |
| 25 | Belgium | 1.93 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,033.1% | volatile |
| 26 | Portugal | 1.64 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 873.7% | volatile |
| 27 | Hungary | 1.54 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,978.5% | volatile |
| 28 | Qatar | 1.48 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 29 | Bulgaria | 1.34 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 971.1% | volatile |
| 30 | Iran | 1.23 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 154,107.0% | volatile |
| 31 | South Africa | 1.18 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 29.5% | volatile |
| 32 | Argentina | 1.18 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 93,346.8% | volatile |
| 33 | Colombia | 1.17 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 34 | Romania | 1.13 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 64.6% | volatile |
| 35 | North Macedonia | 1.12 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 13,496.7% | volatile |
| 36 | Canada | 1.11 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 42.8% | volatile |
| 37 | Sri Lanka | 1.1 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 5,248.0% | volatile |
| 38 | Peru | 1.05 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 3,296.8% | volatile |
| 39 | Philippines | 0.9624 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 688.8% | volatile |
| 40 | Vietnam | 0.9404 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Thailand | 0.885 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 99.1% | volatile |
| 42 | Mexico | 0.8431 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 4,584.0% | volatile |
| 43 | Indonesia | 0.7881 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 51,609.9% | volatile |
| 44 | Taiwan | 0.7525 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 134.1% | volatile |
| 45 | Denmark | 0.7145 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 8,071.1% | volatile |
| 46 | Czechia | 0.6732 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 381.0% | volatile |
| 48 | Lithuania | 0.5678 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 189,163.0% | volatile |
| 49 | Croatia | 0.4935 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 2,134.1% | volatile |
| 50 | South Korea | 0.4108 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 73.2% | volatile |
| 51 | New Zealand | 0.3798 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 2,006.2% | volatile |
| 52 | Latvia | 0.3728 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 53 | Bangladesh | 0.3668 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 965.7% | volatile |
| 54 | Singapore | 0.3592 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,563.1% | volatile |
| 55 | Morocco | 0.2911 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 5,098.4% | volatile |
| 56 | Sweden | 0.2837 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 467.5% | volatile |
| 57 | Malaysia | 0.2704 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 487.8% | volatile |
| 58 | Slovenia | 0.2688 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 1,481.5% | volatile |
| 59 | Cyprus | 0.2309 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 436.4% | volatile |
| 60 | Norway | 0.2044 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 11,256.8% | volatile |
| 61 | Iraq | 0.1982 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 3,964,780.0% | volatile |
| 62 | Kazakhstan | 0.1932 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 330.0% | volatile |
| 63 | Estonia | 0.164 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 5,758.1% | volatile |
| 64 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.1395 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 65 | Hong Kong | 0.1387 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 13,769.1% | volatile |
| 66 | Slovakia | 0.1217 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 233.7% | volatile |
| 67 | Azerbaijan | 0.0502 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 2,852.9% | volatile |
| 68 | Finland | 0.038 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 967.6% | volatile |
| 69 | Belarus | 0.0204 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 192.0% | volatile |
| 70 | Venezuela | 0.003 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 4,276.6% | volatile |
| 71 | Ecuador | 0.001 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 95.1% | volatile |
| 72 | Iceland | 0 terawatt-hours | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 73 | Turkmenistan | -0 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 100.9% | volatile |
| 74 | Algeria | -0.0018 terawatt-hours | 2025 | up 11.6% | volatile |
| 75 | Ukraine | -0.0236 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 149.6% | volatile |
| 77 | Kuwait | -0.0651 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 3,695.1% | volatile |
| 78 | Russia | -0.0658 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 137.5% | volatile |
| 79 | Greece | -0.8111 terawatt-hours | 2025 | down 852.8% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
About this data
Change in total energy supply relative to the previous year, measured in terawatt-hours.